1890- 1918 part 1 Flashcards
What problems did poverty cause in the 1980’s?
poor housing low wages unemployment illness irregular work no help for elderly sick or unemployed
What were the four main factors for change?
changing attitudes
social reforms
Boer war
political factors
What were the changing attitudes?
poverty was blamed on the individual
Politicians believed everybody was responsible for their own welfare
If you were poor, only way to get work was at workhouse
charities existed but people relied on family
1900 people opinion changed that poverty was caused by many factors.
what were the social reforms?
charles booth- carried out research into poverty in London
Seebohm rowntree- studied poverty and its causes in york
What was the boer war?
1899 Britain went to war with South Africa
Most soldiers were unfit
worried the government
needed to do something, unless Britain have weak army
What were the political factors?
help to explain why the liberals brought in the reforms
What were the laws passed for children? date?
free school meals 1906
school medical inspections 1907
children and young persons act 1908
school clinics 1912
What was the law passed for the old age?
old age pensions act 1908
What was the law passed for the working people and the unemployed?
labour exchanges 1909
national insurance act part 1 1911
national insurance act part 2 1911
What were the arguments for female suffrage?
votes for women would improve their lives
other countries allowed it
many women already involved in local politics
women payed the same rates and taxes as men
by 1900’s most men could vote
What were the arguments against female suffrage?
men suited to work and politics
women suited to home and cooking
most women were not interested
women would not vote wisely
giving the vote to some women meant giving the vote to a;; men
women do not fight in wars so they should not vote
How effective were the suffragists? leader and shortened name?
Millint Fawcett, NUWSS built up an organisation and membership middle-class women very good at propaganda they ran political campaigns organised petitions and wrote letters to MP's
Were the suffragists effective?
they failed to get the vote in 1914
managed to get women suffrage bills
consolation bill 1910 liberals turn down
How effective were the suffragettes? leader and shortened name?
Emmeline Pankhurst, WSPU
direct action= breaking windows, chaining themselves to railings, government force fed them, liberals ‘cat and mouse’ act 1913, 1912 arson and vandalism after failure of conciliation bill, emily davison threw herself in front of the kings horse 1913.
Hunger strikes= some deliberately got themselves arrested, once in prison they went on hunger strikes.
Were the suffragettes effective?
didn’t achieve the vote by 1914
divided the womens movements
suffragette violence turnt MP’s against female suffrage
female suffrage never forgotten
admirable because they suffered for their cause
