1750-1830

Question 1

What style became associated with the later classical period as it was retroactively applied to composers?

Answer 1

Sturm und drang

Question 2

What does sturm und drang translate to?

Answer 2

Storm and stress

Question 3

What subject matter would sturm and drang cover?

Answer 3

Turbulent, unstable or stormy ideas -could be programmatic in style

Question 4

What was a compositional feature of sturm und drang?

Answer 4

Large contrasts in dynamics and texture

Question 5

What was sturm und drang designed to be?

Answer 5

Dramatic

Question 6

Name a sturm und drang symphony.

Answer 6

Haydn - Symphony No. 45 (Farewell) in F#m

Question 7

How could the string melodies in Haydn’s 45th be described?

Answer 7

Dramatic descending melodies

Question 8

What mode is Haydn’s 45th in?

Answer 8

Minor mode

Question 9

What dynamic features in Haydn’s 45th are jarring or sudden?

Answer 9

Sudden forzandos and accents are used to emphasise certain parts of the music

Question 10

What is notable about the orchestra by the Mature Classical period?

Answer 10

Increased

Question 11

__________ chords are used heavily in Haydn’s 45th symphony.

Answer 11

diminished

Question 12

What two periods does Beethoven straddle?

Answer 12

Mature Classical and Early Romantic

Question 13

What developments does Haydn’s 104th show in terms of structure?

Answer 13

Sonata form in outer two movements, ternary in II and minuet and trio in III

Question 14

Why might have movement IV of Symphony 104 influenced Romantics?

Answer 14

Folk tendencies - drone bass intro and folkish main theme

Question 15

What unusual structure does Haydn use in movement I of Symphony 104?

Answer 15

Monothematic sonata form

Question 16

How does Haydn’s use of woodwinds exemplify Mature Classical?

Answer 16

Given their own roles

Question 17

Movement I of Haydn uses a three part _________ __________ as a short passage

Answer 17

woodwind section

Question 18

How is Haydn’s use of tonality in the opening of Symphony 104 unusual?

Answer 18

Uses only the tonic and dominant of Dm

Question 19

When was Symphony 104 composed and released?

Answer 19

1795

Question 20

How does Beethoven’s 5th Symphony creatively use tonality?

Answer 20

Begins in C minor, ends in a heroic C major to represent light overcoming the dark.

Question 21

What did Beethoven’s 6th Symphony (Pastoral) introduce into symphonies at large?

Answer 21

More solid storytelling and drama

Question 22

What did Beethoven’s use of narrative have an influence on?

Answer 22

Romanticism as it was heavily programmatic

Question 23

Why was Beethoven’s 9th innovative in its movements?

Answer 23

They were extremely long

Question 24

What technique does Beethoven use in the opening of Symphony No. 9, similar to a technique used by Haydn?

Answer 24

Unclear tonality as only root and fifth is used

Question 25

How did movement IV of Beethoven’s 9th influence Romantics?

Answer 25

It integrated elements from previous movements and culminated
A triumphant minor to major solution - tragedy to triumph
Addition of huge orchestral resources and a choir for more impact

Question 26

How does the first movement of Mendelssohn’s Symphony No. 4 show Mature Classical / Early Romantic developments?

Answer 26

Woodwinds are prominent in the opening
Given freedom to create an airy texture throughout the movement

Question 27

What Mannheim technique does Beethoven use in bars 1-2 of his 3rd Symphony?

Answer 27

Mannheim hmmerstroke