17.11.23 - Approaches: The Behaviourist Approach Flashcards
Who proposed the behaviourist approach?
Watson
What does the behaviourist approach suggest?
- Behaviour can be MEASURED and **OBSERVED **
- All behaviour is LEARNED
What are the two important forms of learning?
CLASSICAL and OPERANT conditioning
What is classical conditioning?
Learning by ASSOCIATION
Who first demonstrated classical conditioning?
PAVLOV’S research
What does Pavlov’s research demonstrate?
Dogs can be CONDITIONED to SALIVATE to sound of BELL
How is this possible?
If sound REPEATEDLY presented at same time dogs given food
What was the neutral stimulus in this study?
Bell
What was the unconditioned stimulus in this study?
Food
What was the conditioned response?
Salivation
Who suggested the idea of reinforcment?
Skinner
What is reinforcement?
Learning through POSITIVE or NEGATIVE consequences of behaviour
What are the three types of reinforcement?
Positive, negative and punishment
What is positive reinforcement?
When certain behaviour produces PLEASANT consequences
What is negative reinforcement?
When animal or human AVOIDS something UNPLEASANT resulting in POSITIVE outcome
