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Structure and histology of small and large intestine Dr. Bhargavi > 17.1 to 17.3 > Flashcards

17.1 to 17.3 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 distinctive regions of the small intestine?

A

i DJ

  • ileum
  • duodenum
  • jejunum
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2
Q

Whats the extent of the small intestine?

A

Pylorus of stomach to the ileocecal unction.

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3
Q

The first part of the small intestine is the?

A

Duodenum

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4
Q

Where is a major site for absorption and absorption of nutrients?

A

Small intestine

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5
Q

What’s the widest and most fixed part of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum

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6
Q

Name the parts of the Duodenum?

A

Superior
Descending
Inferior
Ascending

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7
Q

The small intestine is how long?

A

7 meters

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8
Q

The convexity of the Duodenum is facing to the?

A

right side

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9
Q

concavity of the duodenum is facing to the?

A

left side

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10
Q

The superior part (first part) of the duodenum is how long? and lies anterolateral to the body of the ?

A

short/(5cm)
L1 vertebra

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11
Q

The descending (second) part of the duodenum is how long? and descends along the right sides of the?

A

longer (7-10cm)
L2 and L3 vertebrae

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12
Q

Important posterior relation of the superior part of the duodenum is ?

A

G D A
Gastroduodenal Artery

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13
Q

Gastroduodenal Artery may erode and cause what?

A

bleeding in the posterior wall “perforated ulcer”

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14
Q

The first 2cm of the superior part of the duodenum is?

A
  • intraperitoneal and has mesentery.
  • distal 3cm is retroperitoneal.
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15
Q

Most duodenal ulcers are seen in which part of the duodenum?

A

1st part of duodenum.

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16
Q

The descending part of the duodenum contain?

A
  • major duodenal papilla (common opening for bile and major pancreatic duct)
  • minor duodenal papilla (entrance of accessory pancreatic duct)
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17
Q

The inferior part of the duodenum is how long? and is crossed by?

A
  • 6 - 8 cm, L3 Vertebra, retroperitoneal
  • SMA (superior mesenteric artery) and vein
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18
Q

In severe abdominal injuries, which part of the duodenum may be crushed against the L3 vertebra?

A

The inferior part.

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19
Q

The ascending part of the duodenum is how long? and begins at?

A
  • 5cm
  • at the left of L3 vertebra and rises superiorly till L2 vertebra
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20
Q

Duodeno-jejunal flexure is surrounded by a fold of peritoneum containing muscle fibers and connective tissue called?

A

suspensory ligament of Treitz

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21
Q

What is the demarcation b/w the foregut and the midgut?

A
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22
Q

The first part of the duodenum receives the?

A

Chyme “which is acidic”.

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23
Q

First part of duodenum is prone to what type of ulcer?

A

gastric ulcer

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24
Q

If there is gastric ulcer in the 1st part of the duodenum it can lead to?

A

erosion to the duodenum (1st part) GDA gastroduodenal artery which can lead to hemorrhage.

25
Q

Ruptured posterior duodenal wall ulcer?

A

gastroduodenal artery

26
Q

Ruptured gastric ulcer on lesser curvature of stomach?

A

left gastric artery

27
Q

Duodenal ulcer seen in the 1st part can erode

A

liver, gall bladder and pancreas in its vicinity “pancreatitis”.

28
Q

What is seen under diaphragm when there is a ruptured duodenal ulcer?

A

air, with referred pain to shoulder.

29
Q

Memorize this diagram

A
30
Q

Arterial supply, up to the major duodenal papilla is?

A

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, branch of gastroduodenal artery (celiac trunk).

31
Q

Arterial supply, below the major duodenal papilla is?

A

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (branch of superior mesenteric artery)

32
Q

For duodenum, venous drainage is

A

Hepatic portal vein through superior mesenteric and splenic veins.

33
Q

For duodenum, Lymphatic drainage is

A

Anterior lymphatic vessels drain into pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes and into pyloric nodes.

Posterior lymphatic vessels drain into superior mesenteric lymph nodes.

34
Q

Length of jejunum & ileum?

A

7 meters (jejunum forms proximal 2/5th)

35
Q

Where does jejunum begin?

A

It begins at duodenojejunal junction and ileum ends at ileocecal junction.

36
Q

What attaches the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Mesentery

37
Q

Jejunum and ileum, arterial supply is from

A

superior mesenteric artery.

Arteries unite to form arterial arcades that give rise to straight arteries (vasa recta)

38
Q

Venous drainage for jejunum and ileum?

A

Superior mesenteric vein which joins with splenic vein to form portal vein.

39
Q

When you think about quadrants of abdomen, where do you find jejunum?

A

L U Q
Left upper quadrant

40
Q

When you think about quadrants of abdomen, where do you find ileum?

A

R L Q
Right lower quadrant

41
Q

Broad fan shaped fold of peritoneum which suspends jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall and conveys nutrition and innervation to the small gut?

A

the mesentery

42
Q

The mesentery presents how many borders? name them?

A
  • 2
  • Vertebral border - root
  • Intestinal border or free border
43
Q

“the mesentery” Name the 6 structures crossed by the root

A
  • third part of duodenum
  • abdominal aorta
  • inferior vena cava
  • right ureter
  • right psoas major muscle
  • right sacro-iliac joint
44
Q

Jejunum walls are?

A

thicker and more vascular

45
Q

Walls of ileum are?

A

Thinner and less vascular

46
Q

Lumen of jejunum is ?

A

wider and often empty

47
Q

Lumen of ileum is?

A

narrow, often loaded

48
Q

Circular folds in jejunum is?

A

larger, thick and closely set.

49
Q

circular folds in ileum is ?

A

smaller, sparse

50
Q

villi in jejunum is?

A

tall, leaf like

51
Q

villi in ileum is ?

A

short, finger like

52
Q

Peyer patches (lymphoid nodules) in jejunum is

A

absent

53
Q

Peyer patches (lymphoid nodules) in ileum is ?

A

present

54
Q

Fat distribution in the mesentery of of jejunum is ?

A

less

55
Q

Fat distribution in the mesentery of ileum is?

A

Abundant

56
Q

Learn the diagram

A
57
Q

Mimics the symptoms of acute appendicitis?

A

Meckel diverticulum

Also read the image attached

58
Q

Answer the question

A

B

59
Q

Answer the question

A

A

Structure and histology of small and large intestine Dr. Bhargavi (1 decks)

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