17.0 Flashcards

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1
Q

Nucleotides

A

Information content of genes are in specific sequences

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2
Q

The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of ____

A

Proteins

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3
Q

Proteins are the links btw ___ and _____

A

Genotype and phenotype

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4
Q

The process by which DNA directs protein synthesis

A

Gene expression

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5
Q

Two stages of gene expression

A

Transcription and translation

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6
Q

What was the name of the British physician who first suggested that genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes that catalyze specific chemical reactions

A

Archibald Garrod

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7
Q

What did Archibald Garrod hypothesize?

A

Symptoms of inherited disease reflects an inability to synthesize a certain enzyme

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8
Q

Metabolic pathway

A

Cells synthesize and degrade molecules in a series of steps

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9
Q

Who exposed the bread bold to X-rays and created mutants that were unable to survive on minimal media

A

George Beadle and Edward Tatum

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10
Q

What did George Beadle and Edward Tatum develop

A

One gene-one enzyme hypothesis

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11
Q

What is the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis?

A

Each gene dictates production of a specific enzyme

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