17 ST Qualitative Integrity

Question 1

1. In a study of hope in critically ill patients, Futterer gathered data from patients, nurses, and family members.

A Triangulation
B Member checking
C Peer review

Answer 1

ANSWER: A Triangulation
Futterer used data (person) triangulation to gain different perspectives on the meaning of hope.

Question 2

2. Smerud gathered data about the culture of an NICU by interviewing nursing staff and by observing parent–infant and parent–nurse interactions.

A Triangulation
B Member checking
C Peer review

Answer 2

ANSWER: A Triangulation
Smerud used method (and person) triangulation to better understand the culture of the NICU.

Question 3

3. In a study of nurses’ experience of having made a medication error, Horsch asked 4 of the 12 participants to review key themes that emerged in the analysis.

A Triangulation
B Member checking
C Peer review

Answer 3

ANSWER: B Member checking
Horsch used member checking with study participants to validate the thematic analysis.

Question 4

4. In a study of nurses’ experience of having made a medication error, Horsch asked a patient safety expert and a phenomenologist to review the themes.

A Triangulation
B Member checking
C Peer review

Answer 4

ANSWER: C Peer review
Horsch asked two colleagues with relevant expertise to help validate the thematic analysis.

Question 5

5. In a study of nurses’ experience of having made a medication error, Horsch and his colleague Corbaccio independently coded five interviews and collaborated in the analysis.

A Triangulation
B Member checking
C Peer review

Answer 5

ANSWER: A Triangulation
Horsch and Corbaccio used investigator triangulation to reduce the risk of biased interpretation of the data.