1.7) Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Why is crude oil an important source?

Answer 1

• fuels such as petrol, diesel, kerosene, heavy fuel oil and liquefied petroleum gases
• feedstock for the petrochemical industry

Question 2

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 2

Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon atoms only.

Question 3

What is Crude oil?

Answer 3

Crude oil is a finite resource found in rocks

Question 4

How was it formed?

Answer 4

It was formed over millions of years from the remains of tiny, ancient sea animals and plants, mainly plankton, that were buried in mud.

Question 5

Why is oil so important to society?

Answer 5

-To power cars
-Crude oil is also used as a source of energy for heating and electricity generation.

Question 6

Why can you separate crude oil using distillation?

Answer 6

Crude oil enters the column at the bottom and is heated. Intermolecular forces are broken during boiling and it is easier to break these forces between short chain hydrocarbons as they are weaker. Small hydrocarbons therefore boil more easily then travel up the column as vapour.

Question 7

Crude oil is drilled from beneath the found or seabed. Why is this crude oil not very useful as a product itself?

Answer 7

crude oil mixture contains a wide range of hydrocarbons,
components have different properties so better to separate
into fractions with different specific uses

Question 8

What are Alkanes?

Answer 8

Simple type of hydrocarbon. Have C-C single bond. Saturated compounds from the homologous series

Question 9

Write the general formula of of the alkanes

Answer 9

C(n)H(2n+2)

Question 10

Alkanes List

Answer 10

Methane - CH4, Ethane - C2H6, Propane - C3H8, Butane - C4H10, Pentane - C5H12, Hexane - C6H14, Heptane - C7H16, Octane - C8H18, Nonane - C9H20, Decane - C10H22