17 Auditory System

Question 1

Where is the superior olive nucleus located and how fast is the response?

Answer 1

brainstem; 1000x per second

Question 2

There are 3 neurons in the superior olive nucleus. Which one respond to only the left ear?

Answer 2

neuron 1

Question 3

What is type EI neuron?

Answer 3

It is mononaural, and it is activated by one ear but inhibited by the other ear.

Question 4

What technique can you use to test the hearing of an infant that is 6 months of age?

Answer 4

The use of electrodes to follow the e-volt potential.

Question 5

What is the central auditory pathway?

a. dorsal stria -> trapezoid body -> lateral lemniscus -> intermediate stria -> S. olivary N. -> I. Colliculus ->MGN
b. intermediate stria -> trapezoid body -> dorsal stria -> S. Olivary N. -> I. colliculus -> lateral lemniscus -> MGN
c. dorsal stria -> intermediate stria -> trapezoid body -> S. olivary N. -> lateral lemniscus -> I. colliculus -> MGN

Answer 5

c. dorsal stria -> intermediate stria -> trapezoid body -> S. olivary N. -> lateral lemniscus -> I. colliculus -> MGN

Question 6

Adult brainstem responses are stronger with early musical training. T/F

Answer 6

True

Question 7

At how much milliseconds of wave form is where you hear the differences of similar sounding words?

Answer 7

At first 40ms

Question 8

There are tonotopic mappings in the auditory cortex. T/F

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True/False: Hair cells move with sound waves

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Hair cell transduction is sensitive to ______ changes in sound pressure.

Answer 10

Small

Question 11

Mechanically gated K+ channels respond to _____

Answer 11

Cilia bends

Question 12

Where does most of the input to spiral ganglion cells come from?

Answer 12

Inner hair cells (95%)

Question 13

At what frequency is the highest peak of response to high and low intensity sound?

Answer 13

1500Hz

Question 14

Sound travels at ____ miles per hour.

Answer 14

760

Question 15

The ear can pick up oscillations from ___ to _____ Hz.

Answer 15

20 to 20,000 Hz

Question 16

Anything that can move air molecules create sound. T or F?

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What are the three bones that make up the ossicles?

Answer 17

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

Question 18

Which portion of the inner ear is full of fluid and converts air pressure into vibrations?

Answer 18

Cochlea

Question 19

The Middle Ear does not amplify sound. T or F?

Answer 19

False. Middle Ear DOES amplify sound

Question 20

How do the Middle Ear muscles reduce sound?

Answer 20

By contraction

Question 21

At higher alititudes, babies tend to cry because their ____ is not fully developed.

Answer 21

Eustachian tube

Question 22

Vibrations at different frequencies are absorbed at different parts of the basilar membrane. T/F?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Where are high frequency vibrations absorbed in the basilar membrane?

Answer 23

Absorbed first, near the Stapes

Question 24

Where does the movement of the basilar membrane get translated into a synapse?

Answer 24

Organ of Corti

Question 25

There are about 3500 inner hair cells in a single row and 15000-20000 outer hair cells that are in three rows. T/F

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Hair cells that break can be replaced. T/F

Answer 26

False. They cannot be replaced