1.7, 1.8, 1.9 Flashcards
Albedo
The reflective property of a nonluminous object.
Photosphere
The visible surface of the sun. just below the chromosphere.
Chromosphere
A layer in the sun’s atmosphere. between the photosphere and coronas.
Corona
The outermost atmosphere of a star.
Ozone
A molecule made up of three oxygen atoms.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. Includes: radio, microwave, infrared, visible, light, UV, x-rays, and gamma rays.
Spectrum
a chart of the entire range of wavelengths of light from an object.
Luminosity
The total amount of energy radiated by an object every second.
Main-sequence star
star formed when the temperature in the center of a cloud reaches 15 million k.
Radiation
Emission of energy in the form of rays or waves.
wavelength
The horizontal distance between two successive crests of a wave.
supernova
the death explosion of a massive star whose core has completely burned out.
Radiative zone
carries energy from the core outward by using protons.
Convective Zone
convective currents carry the energy outward to the surface. hot materials rise and cool materials fall.
Core
The core creates nuclear fusion reactions fusing hydrogen atoms to create helium.
HR diagram
Position represents the color of an absolute magnitude of the star at various stages in its evolution.
Apparent Magnitude
How bright the star appears to us from our point of view.
Absolute Magnitude
the magnitude the star would have if it was placed at a distance of 10 parsecs from earth.
Black hole
supernova remnants from a star 3x more massive than our sun.
Spectral class
depends on color/temperature and a few more factors. OBAFGKM
Solar Radii
The radius of the sun= 695,800 km
What is meant by earth’s energy budget?
The amount of energy that is absorbed from the sun by earth changes in the amount of energy can cool us down or heat us up.
what is the difference between apparent magnitude and absolute magnitude?
Apparent= what it appears to be. Absolute= what it really is
How do we measure wavelength?
Like point to point.
What part of a stars life is a white dwarf.
Final stage, will slowly begin to cool and become a deaf black dwarf.
What type of storm could interfere with our electromagnetic power grid system.
Solar flares.
How long is the sunspot cycle?
11 years
How would the earths albedo be affected if it were covered by ice?
The albedo would increase and the earth would become colder.
What layer are solar storms produced in
photosphere
What type of land would reflect the most incoming radiation and what type would absorb the most?
Reflect= ice/white snow; Absorb= dark colors (forest, dark rock/land)
The order of colors observed in the visible light are determined by what?
Wavelength
What part of the EM spectrum has the longest wave.
Radiowaves
What is the order of the EM spectrum as it increases from the largest wavelength to the smallest?
Radio. microwave, infrared, visible, UV, x-ray, and gamma ray
What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency on the EM spectrum.
As the wavelength decreases the frequency increases
How has the EM spectrum helped us study objects in space?
Different telescopes help us see objects in space we could not otherwise see.
What determines a stars color?
temperature.
What determines the life-cycle path of a star?
Mass
What did our sun form from?
Nebula
