1658-1660

Question 1

The third Protectorate Parliament

Answer 1

January to April 1659
549 members
Republican minority attacked the protectorate and wanted the army to take control
Presbyterians attempted to undermine the army’s power
Richard dissolved Parliament reluctantly

Question 2

End of the Protectorate

Answer 2

Rump reassembled in May 1659

Richard Cromwell withdrew from public life

Question 3

Details of the restored Rump

Answer 3

May to October 1659
Claimed to be the only true authority
Rump refused to fun army troops’ arrears of pay
Army needed the Rump to appear legitimate however

Question 4

Details of Booth’s Rising

Answer 4

August 1659
Sir George Booth defiant of the Rump
Called for a "free Parliament", however this was likely to lead to a restoration
Anti-Rump rather than pro-Stuart
Held out only for a few weeks

Question 5

Role of John Lambert

Answer 5

Led the army against Booth’s Rising
Demanded the Rump’s authority be reduced and the creation of an upper house
Rump had Lambert imprisoned
Army regiments loyal to Lambert occupied London and forcibly dissolved the Rump

Question 6

Role of General Monck

Answer 6

Protested the dissolution of the Rump
Made Commander-in-chief of the Rump’s army and marched on London
Defeated Lambert’s forces
Rump reassembled in December 1659

Question 7

London in 1659

Answer 7

Disorderly
Protest petitions
Poor economy, army tyranny and need for a free parliament

Question 8

Details of the recalled Rump

Answer 8

December 1659 to May 1660
Lambert dismissed by the Rump
Monck invited to lead the army
Army purge
Growing unpopularity
Monck used his power to get the Rump to readmit those removed during Pride's purge, they tried to limit his power

Question 9

Details of the restored Long Parliament

Answer 9

February to March 1660
Return of a substantial number of members
Restored some legitimacy
Excluded the most prominent republicans including Lambert

Question 10

Convention Parliament

Answer 10

25th of April to May 1660
Elections
60 monarchists took their seats
Considered the terms of restoration as laid out in the Declaration of Breda (4th of April) and accepted them

Question 11

January 1659 - 13th October 1659

Answer 11

January 1659 - Richard’s Parliament opens
April 1659 - Upper house tables motion to give Richard full control of the army
22nd April 1659 - Parliament dissolved
7th May 1659 - 50 of old Rump restored
July 1659 - Booth’s Rebellion
13th October 1659 - Rump forcibly dissolved by Lambert

Question 12

26th October 1659 - January 1660

Answer 12

26th October 1659 - Committee of Safety set up
November 1659 - Fleetwood and Monck exchanging letters
26th December 1659 - Rump restored
January 1660 - Monck marches South, receiving petitions

Question 13

February 1660 - May 1660

Answer 13

3rd February 1660 - Monck arrives in London
21st February 1660 - 100 MPs from before Pride’s purge admitted to the Rump
16th March 1660 - Rump dissolved
4th April 1660 - Declaration of Breda
25th April 1660 - Convention Parliament starts
8th May 1660 - Charles II proclaimed King
25th May - Charles II arrives in London
29th May - Ceremony in London