16.1- TEST-TUBE REACTIONS Flashcards
What can a compound being acidic suggest?
carboxylic acid?
What can a compound being solid suggest?
long carbon chain or ionic bonding
What can a compound being liquid suggest?
medium length carbon chain or polar or hydrogen bonding
What can a compound being a gas suggest?
short carbon chain, little or no polarity
What can a compound being able to dissolve in water suggest?
polar groups
What can a compound not being able to dissolve in water suggest?
no polar groups
What is the alkene functional group?
-C=C
What is the alkene test?
shake with bromine water
What is the result for alkenes with bromine water?
orange colour disappears
What is the halogenoalkane functional group?
R-X
What is the test for halogenoalkanes?
- add NaOH(aq) + warm
- acidify with HNO3
- add AgNO3(aq)
What is the positive result from the halogenoalkane test?
precipitate of AgX
What is the alcohol functional group?
R-OH
What is the test for alcohols?
add acidified K2Cr2O7
What is the positive result from the alcohol test?
orange colour turns green with primary or secondary alcohols (also with aldehydes)
What is the aldehydes functional group?
R-CHO
What is the test for aldehydes?
warm with Fehling’s solution
or
warm with Tollen’s reagent
What is the positive result from the aldehydes test?
blue colour turns to red precipitate
or
silver mirror forms
What is the carboxylic acid functional group?
R-COOH
What is the test for carboxylic acids?
add NaHCO3(aq)
What is the positive result from the carboxylic acids test?
CO2 given off
