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Infectious Disease > 160 Salmonella > Flashcards

160 Salmonella Flashcards

1
Q

Salmonella serotypes that is restricted to human host

A

Salmonella typhi and salmonella paratypi

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2
Q

How does Salmonella infection begin?

A

Ingestion contaminated food or water

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3
Q

Best characterize regulatory system of the salmonella that trigger outer membrane so as to resist microbicidal activities

A

PhoP/PhoQ

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4
Q

Hallmark feature of enteric fever

A

Fevr and abdominal pain

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5
Q

Incubation period of S. Typhi

A

10-14 days. Range from 5 to 21 days

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6
Q

Most prominent symptom of Salmonellosis

A

Fever 38.8 to 40. 5 Celsius. Fever 101.1 to 104.9 Fahrenheit

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7
Q

Faint salmon colored blanching maculopapilar rash located on trunk and chest during the first week of Salmonellosis

A

Rose spots, present in 30% of patient and resolves in 2-5 days

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8
Q

When does GI bleeding and intestinal perforation occur

A

3rd and 4th week of illness

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9
Q

How does intestinal perforation and GI bleeding occur in Typhoid fever

A

Hyperplasia ulceration and necrosis of the ileocecal Peyers patches at the initial site of salmonella infiltration

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10
Q

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Typhoid fever

A

Muttering delirium, Coma vigil, Picking at bedclothes or imaginary objects

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11
Q

How long is S. Typhi excreted in the feces

A

Up to 3 months

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12
Q

Chronic carriage in Typhoid fever is common to what subset of people

A

Women, infants, persons with biliary abnormalities or concurrent bladder infection

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13
Q

What bladder infection occurs together with S. Tyohi

A

Schistosoma haematobium

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14
Q

How does S. Typhi stay in the gallbladder

A

Forming biofilms on gallstones and invading gallbladder epithelial cells

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15
Q

Chronic Typhoid carriage is associated with what cancer

A

Gallbladder cancer

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16
Q

What is the sensitivity of blood culture for salmonellosis

A

40-80%

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17
Q

Has 80% sensitive for Typhoid fever and is not affected by 5 days of prior antibiotics

A

Bone marrow culture

18
Q

When does stool culture become positive for Typhoid fever

A

3rd week of infection in untreated patient

19
Q

Most effective class of antibiotics against salmonella

A

Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin

20
Q

Empirical treatment for enteric fever

A

Ceftriaxone, Azithromycin

21
Q

Antibiotics therapy for Typhoid fever. Fully susceptible. Optimal

A

Ciprofloxacin, Azithromycin

22
Q

Antibiotics therapy for Typhoid fever. Fully susceptible. Alternative treatment

A

Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, TMP SMX

23
Q

Antibiotics therapy for Typhoid fever. Multiple drug resistance. Optimal treatment

A

Ceftriaxone, Azithromycin

24
Q

Antibiotics therapy for Typhoid fever. Multiple drug resistance. Alternative treatment

A

Ciprofloxacin

25
Q

Antibiotics therapy for Typhoid fever. Quinolone resistant. Optimal treatment

A

Ceftriaxone

Azithromycin

26
Q

Antibiotics therapy for Typhoid fever. Quinolone resistant. Alternative treatment

A

High dose Ciprofloxacin 750 mg BID or 400 mg q8hrs x 10-14 days

27
Q

How long should therapy be administered in patients with continued symptoms of enteric fever

A

10 days or for 5 days after fever resolves

28
Q

How are chronic carrier of salmonella be treated

A

4 weeks of oral Ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones

29
Q

What are the two commercially available vaccines? Oral? Minimum age for vaccination

A

Ty21a - - oral; at 6 years old. Vi CPS - - parenteral; at 2 years old

30
Q

Live attenuated S Typhi Vaccine. How is it administered

A

Ty21a. Day 1,3,5,7 then full 4 revaccinatiob every 5 years

31
Q

Parenteral Typhoid vaccine. Consist of purified polysaccharide from bacterial capsule. How is it given

A

Vi CPS. Single dose. Booster every 2 years

32
Q

Can cause pseudoappendicitis

A

NonTyphoidal salmonellosis

33
Q

In NTS, how Ling can the stool remain positive

A

4-5 weeks

34
Q

Commonly affected area of salmonella osteomyelitis

A

Femur, Tibia, Humerus, Lumbar

35
Q

When is salmonella osteomyelitis commonly seen in association with?

A

Sickle cell disease

36
Q

How is patient with NTS and HIV treated

A

1-2 week IV antibiotics then 4 weeks oral therapy with fluoroquinolones

37
Q

How is NTS endocarditis or arteritis treated?

A

6 weeks IV beta lactams

38
Q

Antibiotics therapy for NTS. Preemptive treatment

A

Ciprofloxacin

39
Q

Antibiotics for NTS. Severe gastroenteritis

A

Ciprofloxacin, TMP SMX, Amoxicillin,

Ceftriaxone

40
Q

Antibiotics therapy for NTS. Bacteremia

A

Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin

41
Q

Antibiotics therapy for NTS. Endocarditis and arteritis

A

Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Ampicillin

42
Q

Antibiotics therapy for NTS. Meningitis

A

Ceftriaxone, Ampicillin

Infectious Disease (8 decks)

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