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Elise's Network+ Notes > 1.6 - Wireless Technologies and Configurations > Flashcards

1.6 - Wireless Technologies and Configurations Flashcards

1
Q

Wifi 6 is which 802.11 standard?

A

802.11ax

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2
Q

Wifi 0 is which 802.11 standard?

A

802.11

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3
Q

Wifi 1 is which 802.11 standard?

A

802.11b

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4
Q

Wifi 2 is which 802.11 standard?

A

802.11a

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5
Q

Wifi 3 is which 802.11 standard?

A

802.11g

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6
Q

Wifi 4 is which 802.11 standard?

A

802.11n

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7
Q

Wifi 5 is which IEEE 802.11 standard?

A

802.11ac

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8
Q

When was the original wifi released?

A

1997

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9
Q

When was 802.11a (wifi 2) released?

A

1999

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10
Q

When was 802.11b (wifi 1) released?

A

1999

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11
Q

When was 802.11g (wifi 3) released?

A

2003

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12
Q

When was 802.11n (wifi 4) released?

A

2009

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13
Q

When was 802.11ac released?

A

2013

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14
Q

When was 802.11ax released?

A

2019

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15
Q

This standard uses the CSMA/CA access method, has 2.4 GHz RF with speeds of 1-2 Mbps, an ad hoc/infrastructure topology, and transmission range of 20ft indoors

A

802.11

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16
Q

This standard operates in both 2.4 Ghz and 5 Ghz ranges, and delivers faster speeds, supports more devices simultaneously, decreases latency, improves security, and increases bandwith

A

802.11ax

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17
Q

This standard support 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands and has speeds up to 1300 Mbps (or 6.93 Gbps)

A

802.11ac

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18
Q

This standard uses the 2.4 Ghz and 5 GHz bands and improves speeds up to 600 Mbps

A

802.11n

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19
Q

This standards combines the best of 802.11a/b to achieve speeds up to 54 Mbps on the 2.4 GHz band

A

802.11g

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20
Q

802.11a (wifi 1) vs 802.11b (wifi 2)

A

both 1999, went from 11 to 56 mbps, went from 2.4 GHz to 5 Ghz, and DSS CSK modulation to ? modulation

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21
Q

802.11g (wifi 3) vs 802.11n (wifi 4)

A

2003 to 2009, speed went from 54 Mbps to 600 Mbps, went from 2.4 GHz being able to use either 2.4 or 5 GHz. Modulation went from OFDM to MIMO on top of that

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22
Q

802.11ac (wifi 5) vs 802.11ax (wifi 6)

A

2014 to 2019, speed went from 3.5 Gps to 9.6 Gpbs, went from using only 5 GHz band to using both bands, and went from using beamforming modulation and MU-MIMO, to OFDMA and 1024 QAM and better MU-MIMO?

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23
Q

Which 802.11 standard addressed highly device dense areas?

A

802.11ax with its many device support

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24
Q

Wifi 6E

A

based off wifi 6 and 5G networks, 9.6 Gpbs, released 2021, 1200 MHz spectrum in 6 GHz, longer range…

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25
Q

The difference between RF frequencies and why it matters

A

higher wavelength (6 Ghz) delivers data faster and smaller wavelength (2.4) delivers over a longer distance

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26
Q

Wifi 7 comes out in ….

A

2024

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27
Q

mnemonic for the IEEE 802.11 stds

A

BAGNAC-AX

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28
Q

BAGNAC-AX

A

Big Awful Gym Needs AC – AX!

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29
Q

What do the BAGNAC 802.11 standards all have in common?

A

1) they use half duplex signaling. wireless device can transmit or receive, but not simultaneously
2) they all use the 2.45 Ghz or 5 GHz frequency band
3) Layer 2 medium access control method is known as Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA)

30
Q

Which wifi stds use DSSS modulation?

A

802.11, 802.11b

31
Q

Characteristics of the 802.11 std?

A

it’s the base version - was not widely adopted

32
Q

Characteristics of the 802.11b standard?

A

the oldest and least expensive

33
Q

Characteristics of the 802.11a std?

A

rarely used bc it was more expensive, so 802.11b was more popular

34
Q

Which 802.11 stds used OFDM modulation?

A

802.11a, 802.11g, 802.11n

35
Q

Characterstics of the 802.11g std?

A

it was backwards compatible with 802.11b networks, was faster

36
Q

Characteristics of 802.11n std?

A
  • got even faster at 600 Mbps
  • the first dual-band std (went away with ac but came back with ax)

1) It was backwards compatible with ALL previous stds,

2) introduced MIMO (now a mainstay for later versions and other wireless tech),

3) channel bonding and thereby doubling bandwith,

4) frame aggregation reduces overhead

37
Q

Characteristics of the 802.11ac std?

A
  • almost 7000 Mbps
  • no longer dual band like 802.11n

1) MIMO-OFDM new modulation method
2) MU-MIMO improvement over MIMO

3) faster…

38
Q

Explain the significance of MIMO and what it is, how it works?

39
Q

Explain the significance of MU-MIMO and what it is, how it works?

40
Q

Explain DSSS modulation

41
Q

Explain OFDM modulation

42
Q

Explain CSAM/CA

43
Q

first wireless data network (1971)

A

ALOHAnet @ university of hawaii

44
Q

first COMMERCIAL wireless networking technology (1987)

45
Q

What is wifi?

A

It’s Wireless-Fidelity, or the 802.11 std, one kind of wireless technology

46
Q

Characteristics of the 802.11ax std?

A
  • dual band
    *
47
Q

What is the 802.11 std anticipated in 2024?

A

802.11be, 46k Mbps, and triple band (2.4, 5, 6 GHz)

48
Q

Characteristics of Wifi 6E?

A

Uses 6 Ghz band

49
Q

Wifi Security Potocols: 1997

50
Q

Wifi Security Potocols: 2003

51
Q

Wifi Security Potocols: 2004

52
Q

Wifi Security Potocols: 2019

53
Q

Miracast

A

allows wireless transmission of bideo?

54
Q

wifi-direct

A

allows 2 devices to share a wireless connection without an access point

55
Q

wifi easymesh

57
Q

What is cellular GSM?

A

G

GSM is a digital cellular technology that provides mobile data and voice services across devices. Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) is one of the second-generation telecommunication standards (2G). GSM simply is a wireless network for transmitting data across mobile devices

58
Q

What is cellular TDMA?

A

“Within each room, everyone takes turns talking to prevent interference. Within each room, one person is talking at once, so they must talk fast to say everything.”

Time-division multiple access (TDMA) provides multiuser access by chopping up the channel into sequential time slices.

TDMA enables multiple users to share the same frequency by dividing each cellular channel into different time slots. In effect, a single frequency supports multiple and simultaneous data channels. So, with a two-time slot TDMA, two users can share the same frequency.

59
Q

What is cellular CDMA?

A

“Everyone speaks a different language at the same time in the same room. Since each language is unique, one may be filtered from another”

CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) is a multiplexing technology that allows multiple signals to occupy a single transmission channel. It uses spread spectrum technology to transmit data, where each part of a conversation is labeled with a specific digital code. This allows multiple users to share the same frequency band without interfering with each other.

60
Q

What is cellular FDMA?

A

“Everyone talks in a different room to prevent interference. Since the conversation can’t be heard from a different room, it can be filtered from the other by going to the other room”

61
Q

Cellular GSM (wireless networking standard) uses what two technologies for user and cell separation?

A

TDMA and FDMA

62
Q

WiMAX and LTE wireless networking atandards use what to provide multi user access?

63
Q

What wireless networking standard uses CDMA?

A

UMTS, IS-95 and CDMA-2000 use CDMA

64
Q

What cell phone carrier primarily uses CDMA?

65
Q

What cell phone carriers use GSM networking standard?

A

GSM phones are designed to work on networks that use SIM cards and are associated with carriers like AT&T or T-Mobile in the United States.

66
Q

Can a phone use both GSM and CDMA?

A

If you have an IMEI number, then your phone runs on the CDMA network standard. If it is a MEID or ESN number, then it is on the GSM network. It might have both, especially if it came from Verizon, which would mean it is compatible with either network.

67
Q

What is wifi channel width?

A

A Wi-Fi channel is a frequency range within which wireless devices can communicate. The frequencies used by Wi-Fi networks are typically split into 14 channels in the 2.4 GHz band, 34 channels in the 5 GHz band, and up to 59 channels in the 6 GHz band

68
Q

Wifi channel bandwidth is…

A

Wi-Fi channel bandwidth, also known as channel width, sideband, or other, is the range of frequencies within a Wi-Fi band. The bandwidth is measured in MHz and is the number of subcarriers in a channel. For example, a 20 MHz channel on 5 GHz has 64 subcarriers, with 52 used for data transmission and the remaining subcarriers used for communication management

69
Q

Wifi channel bonding is…

A

ing, also known as link bonding or broadband bonding, is a technique that combines two or more internet connections into a single connection with greater bandwidth, reduced latency, and boosted reliability. It does this by combining two or more 20 MHz channels into a single 40, 80, or 160 MHz channel. The channels that are bound together are adjacent or contiguous to.

70
Q

What is the benefit of wifi channel bonding?

A

Channel bonding combines multiple channels—or lanes—to increase the amount of traffic that a modem’s highway can comfortably support.

71
Q

What is MIMO in wireless technology?

A

MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) is a wireless technology that uses multiple transmitters and receivers to transfer data simultaneously. MIMO is used in Wi-Fi and mobile communications to improve system capacity, coverage range, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

72
Q

What is MU-MIMO

A

Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) is a wireless technology that allows multiple users to communicate with each other over multiple antennas, each radioing over one or more antennas. MU-MIMO was introduced in the 802.11ac Wave 2 (Wi-Fi 5) standard, which allows a single access point (AP) to transmit data to multiple devices simultaneously. MU-MIMO can improve network performance and efficiency, especially on crowded networks. Benefits of MU-MIMO include:
Increased network capacity
Improved bandwidth speed
Enhanced user experience
Easier network management
Multi-performance: Increased throughput and reduced latency
Multi-User: Serves more users at once
Multi-efficiency: More traffic over the network

Elise's Network+ Notes (3 decks)

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