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AS-Level Chemistry Unit 1 > 1.6 The Periodic Table > Flashcards

1.6 The Periodic Table Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the oxidation number of an uncombined element?

A

0

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2
Q

What is the sum of oxidation numbers of elements in uncharged species?

A

0

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3
Q

What is the sum of oxidation numbers of elements in an ion?

A

charge of ion

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4
Q

What is the oxidation number of halogens? (group 7)

A

-1

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5
Q

What is the oxidation number of oxygen?

A

-2

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6
Q

What is the oxidation number of hydrogen?

A

+1

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7
Q

What is the oxidation number of hydrogen in metal hydrides?

A

-1

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8
Q

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in peroxides?

A

-1

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9
Q

What is OIL RIG?

A

Oxidation is loss of electrons
Reduction is gain of electrons

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10
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

Where oxidation and reduction both takes place in a chemical reaction

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11
Q

What is an oxidising agent?

A

a species that accepts electrons, thereby helping oxidation.
It becomes reduced itself in the process

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12
Q

What is a reducing agent?

A

a species that donates electrons, thereby helping reduction.
It becomes oxidised itself in the process

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13
Q

What is the solubility of salts in group 1?

A

soluble

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14
Q

What is the solubility of hydroxides in group 2?

A

magnesium is insoluble
solubility increases down the group

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15
Q

What is the solubility of carbonates in group 2?

A

insoluble

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16
Q

What is the solubility of sulphates in group 2?

A

magnesium is soluble
solubility decreases down the group

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17
Q

What is the solubility of nitrates?

A

all soluble

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18
Q

What is the solubility of chlorides?

A

all soluble

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19
Q

What is the flame colour test of lithium?

A

red

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20
Q

What is the flame colour test of sodium?

A

yellow

21
Q

What is the flame colour test of potassium?

A

lilac

22
Q

What is the flame colour test of magnesium?

A

bright white (only as a solid)

23
Q

What is the flame colour test of calcium?

A

brick red

24
Q

What is the flame colour test of strontium?

A

crimson red

25
Q

What is the flame colour test of barium?

A

apple green

26
Q

What element is the most electronegative?

A

Fluorine

27
Q

What is the trend of ionisation energy in the periodic table?

A

decreases down the group
general increase left to right in periods

28
Q

What happens to melting point as you go down group 1?

A

decreases

29
Q

What happens to melting point as you go down group 7?

A

increases because the intermolecular forces become stronger as the atom gets bigger

30
Q

metal + water —>

A

metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas

31
Q

How does magnesium react with water?

A

magnesium will burn in steam
MgOH will thermally decompose to produce MgO

32
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between silver ions and halide ions?

A

Ag+(aq) + X-(aq) —-> AgX(s)

33
Q

What is the precipitate colour of chloride?

A

white

34
Q

What is the precipitate colour of bromide?

A

cream

35
Q

What is the precipitate colour of iodide?

A

yellow

36
Q

What is the trend of volatility of the halogens?

A

decreases down the group

37
Q

Are halogens good oxidising agents? if so why?

A

yes
because they accept electrons from species being oxidised and reduced as a result
this oxidising power decreases down the group as their ability to attract electrons decrease due to shielding ad greater atomic radius

38
Q

What is used if the precipitates formed from the halide ions are not clear from silver nitrate?

A

ammonia

39
Q

What happens to the precipitate when dilute ammonia is added?

A

Cl- precipitate dissolves
Br- no change
I- no change

40
Q

What happens to the precipitate when concentrated ammonia is added?

A

Cl- dissolves
Br- precipitate dissolves
I- no change

41
Q

What is the physical state of fluorine at room temp?

A

pale yellow gas

42
Q

What is the physical state of chlorine at room temp?

A

greenish yellow gas

43
Q

What is the physical state of bromine at room temp?

A

orange brown liquid
vapour orange brown

44
Q

What is the physical state of iodine at room temp?

A

grey black solid
purple vapour

45
Q

What is observed when chloride is added to potassium bromide?

A

orange brown solution

46
Q

What is observed when litmus solution is added to an acid or base/alkali?

A

acid - turns red
base- blue

47
Q

What is used to test for sulphate ions?

A

barium chloride

48
Q

What is observed for a positive result of sulfate ions and barium chloride?

A

white precipitate

AS-Level Chemistry Unit 1 (8 decks)

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