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11AGSC > 1.6 Livestock Digestion > Flashcards

1.6 Livestock Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

Describe what a Ruminant is and give examples of animals

A

An animal with four chambers in the stomach
e.g.
Cows, Deer, Goats and Sheep

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2
Q

What type of digestive system does a pig have

A

Monogastric or non-ruminant

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3
Q

What type of digestion does a Ruminant animal have?

A

Microbial and Chemical digestion

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4
Q

What is the order of the chambers in a ruminant animal

A
  1. Rumen
  2. Reticulum
  3. Omasum
  4. Abomasum
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5
Q

What is the function of the Rumen

A

To act as food storage and microbial digestion

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6
Q

What is the function of the Reticulum

A

It acts as a pump and grinds food down

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7
Q

What is the function of the Omasum

A

It absorbs water

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8
Q

What is the function of the Abomasum

A

It is the true stomach and has chemical digestion

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9
Q

What is Microbial Digestion?

A

Where bacteria break down plant cell walls by fermentation

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10
Q

What is chemical digestion

A

Where stomach acid and enzymes break food down

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11
Q

What is protein for

A

For muscle growth and repairing damaged tissue

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12
Q

What are carbohydrates and what do they supply

A

Starch and sugars, they provide energy for the animal

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13
Q

Why are vitamins and minerals important

A

They help with animal health and immunity

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14
Q

What are the three types of animal food?

A

Roughages, Succulents and Concentrates

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15
Q

What are concentrates and what are some properties of it.

A

Oats, Barley, Peas, Nuts.

High in Protien, Low Fibre, Low digestibility, Low moisture

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16
Q

What are some examples of roughage and what are some properties of them

A

Hay and Straw

High in fiber, low digestibility, low protein, low moisture

17
Q

What are some succulents and properties of them

A

Swedes, Kale, Silage, Pasture

Low Fiber, High digestibility, low protein, high moisture

18
Q

What is fiber important for?

A

Fiber helps the Rumen function by giving microbes and supplies carbohydrates

19
Q

What does Digestibility mean

A

It refers to the nutritional value of the feed

20
Q

What is the Esophageal Groove

A

A structure in pre-ruminant animals that bypasses the Rumen and Reticulum

21
Q

What should you feed young ruminant animals to help the Rumen devlop?

A

Grain and milk

22
Q

What is the Caecum?

A

A structure between the small intestines and large intestines where bacteria help break down cellulose (plant material)

23
Q

What is water important for

A

Maintaining body temperature

24
Q

Flushing

A

Feeding nuts to ewes to build body weight prior to mating

25
Q

Break feeding

A

Strip grazing winter feeds or sections of pasture. Prevents bloat when giving them brassicas such as Rape and Kale.

26
Q

Colostrum

A

Provides anti-biodies to fight infections. Young animals must get this within 24 hours of being born.

27
Q

Tupping

A

The term used for sheep mating in Autumn

11AGSC (2 decks)

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