1.6 cell division Flashcards
what is mitosis?
the division of the nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei
what type of cell does mitosis occur in?
eukaryotic cells
what is the first stage of mitosis?
the cells prepares for division in interphase
what is interphase?
an active phase of the cell cycle with processes occurring in the nucleus and cytoplasm
how is a chromosome created?
by supercoiling DNA
uses histone proteins to supercoil
what is cytokinesis?
the final step of mitosis
splits the cell membrane
occurs differently in animal and plant cells
what happens during cytokinesis in animal cells?
the contractile ring contracts until the membrane splits
what happens during cytokinesis in a plant cell?
the cell vesicles rich in carbohydrates form in the center and fuse to create a cell plate which fuses with the cell wall to separate
what are cyclins?
types of proteins that inform the cell when to move to the next phase of mitosis
what happens if a cyclin does not work?
cells will continue to divide uncontrollably
the cell becomes cancerous
will create a primary tumor
how are smoking and cancer related?
tabaco has carcinogenic chemicals that can alter DNA
90% of lung cancer is tobacco usage
