1.6 - ATP Synthesis Flashcards
Where do we get energy from?
From our food - cell respiration produces energy for our cells to be able to work
Why do we constantly need an input of energy?
Energy is used for metabolic reactions, movement, growth and development
What are the start and end molecules of glycolysis?
Start - glucose
End - pyruvate
What happens during glycolysis?
Glucose is broken down into (2) 3-carbon molecules of pyruvate
How many steps are involved in the total glycolysis process?
10 - each step requires a different enzyme
What happens to the energy during glycolysis?
2 ATP is used to start the process and produces a total of 4 ATP by the end (net gain: 2)
Where does glycolysis take place?
In the cytoplasm
What happens between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?
- Pyruvate move from cytoplasm to mitochondria
- Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA
- 1 molecule of CO2 is released and NADH is made
What is the byproduct of the prep step during aerobic respiration?
Carbon dioxide - breathed out
What shape of the citric acid cycle?
Circular
What happens during the citric acid cycle?
Carbon molecules are broken down and electron carriers pick up electrons and hydrogen atoms for transportation to the final stage
What are the products of the citric acid cycle?
2ish ATP, NADH, FADH2, and CO2
Where does the energy for the active transport of H+ proteins come from?
The electrons from previous stages are brought by NADH and FADH2
Where do the hydrogen ions come from and where is their highest concentration?
Proteins remove the electrons from hydrogen atoms, which produces hydrogen ions. The highest concentration of hydrogen ions is located in the inter-membrane space
Why is oxygen required for aerobic respiration?
Final acceptor of electrons at the end of the ETC and binds with hydrogen (creating water)
What are the start and end products of the ATP synthase enzyme?
Start - ADP and phosphate
End - ATP
