1.6

Question 1

What are ethical issues?

Answer 1

• What is right or wrong
• Acting in a responsible way and ensuring that no harm is caused to others in terms of computer technology

Question 2

Ethical issues examples?

Answer 2

• Losing/changing jobs
• Access to technology is not equal due to the digital divide
• Invasion of privacy
• Responsibility for content on the internet
• Efficiency: robots are able to work 24/7

Question 3

What are culture issues?

Answer 3

• Ideas, behaviour, beliefs and values of a group of people

Question 4

Cultural issues examples?

Answer 4

• Censorship to prevent political unrest
• Preserve culture
• Social pressure to keep up
• Impact on how people communicate
• Digital divide

Question 5

Environmental issues examples?

Answer 5

• Manufacturing uses fossil fuels
• Limited natural resources
• Data centres use 2% of global energy
• Contains hazardous materials

Question 6

How are computational technologies disposed?

Answer 6

• Harmful materials including: dioxins, mercury and radioactive isotopes
• Often shipped to countries with lower standards for disposal
• People go through waste looking for metals to be recycled and sold, exposed to danger

Question 7

Privacy issues examples?

Answer 7

• Devices are always on
• Voice activated devices
• Rise in CCTV
• Rise in GPS tracking
• Rise in facial recognition

Question 8

Data Protection Act 2018

Answer 8

• Must be processed transparently
• Collected for specified purpose
• Limited to what is necessary
• Must be up to date
• Must not be kept longer than necessary
• Ensure appropriate security of personal data
• Controllers must be able to prove their protective measures are sufficient

Question 9

Computer Misuse Act 1990

Answer 9

Illegal to make unauthorised access to data:
- With the intent to commit further offences
- With the intent to modify data

Question 10

Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988

Answer 10

• Illegal to copy, modify or distribute software, music, intellectual property
• Without permission from the author

Question 11

What are the key stakeholders?

Answer 11

• Customers: price and convenience
• Staff: jobs and salary
• Company: profits and reputation
• Community: environment and jobs

Question 12

What is open source software?

Answer 12

• Can modify and distribute software
• Can be installed on any number of computers
• Support provided by community
• Have access to source code
• May not be fully tested
• e.g. firefox, linux, python

Question 13

What is proprietary software?

Answer 13

• Cannot modify software
• Paid for and licensed per device
• Supported by developers
• No access to source code
• Tested prior to release
• e.g. windows, macOS, adobe