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Chapter 16-17 > 16-17 > Flashcards

16-17 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name given to the neurons that monitor carbon dioxide levels in the blood and are located in the carotid and aortic arteries

A

Chemoreceptors

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2
Q

A (long, short) blood vessel with a (small,large) diameter would heave the greatest resistance to blood flow.

A

Long

Small

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3
Q

Pulmonary circulation goes from the (right,left) (atrium,ventricle) to the (right,left) (atrium,ventricle)

A

Right
Ventricle
Left
Atrium

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4
Q

Which blood vessels contain blood with the highest oxygen content

A

Pulmonary veins

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5
Q

From which mood blood vessel do all systemic blood vessels branch

A

Aorta

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6
Q

Which circulatory route brings blood to the tissues and back to the heart

A

Systemic

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7
Q

Which circulatory path carries blood rich to substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract

A

Hepatic portal

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8
Q

(Arteries, veins) (closet to, farthest from) the heart have the lowest blood pressure

A

Veins

Closet to

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9
Q

Vascular resistance is primarily to due which Factor

A

Friction between blood walls

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10
Q

When left ventricle contracts what term is given to the pressure on artists that is generated

A

Systolic

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11
Q

In the fetal circulation which structure connects the fetal pulmonary trunk to the aorta allowing much blood to bypass the lungs

A

Ductus

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12
Q

Stimulation of the ___ would cause the heart rate to decrease

A

Vagus herve

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13
Q

In the fetus what is the opening that allows blood to pass directly from the right atrium. To the left atrium

A

Foremen ovale

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14
Q

With aging cardiac muscle fibers ____ in size

A

Decrease

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15
Q

Defenses of the body that are present at birth are referred to as _____ immunity

A

Innale

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16
Q

The fetal circulation differs from adult circulation because of which organ system that is nonfunctional

A

Respiratory

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17
Q

As blood passes from superior and inferior vena cave to the lungs it moves through the (right,left) (atrium, ventricle) to the (right,left) (atrium, ventricle) and out the (pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins)

A 
Right 
Atrium 
Right 
Ventricle 
Pulmonary trunk
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18
Q

Carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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19
Q

Vessels with Hugh blood pressure

A

Arteries

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20
Q

Vessels with fastest flow

A

Arteries

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21
Q

Vessels that exchange food and waste between blood and tissues

A

Capillaries

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22
Q

Vessels that return interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

A

Lymphatic vessels

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23
Q

Vessels with slowest blood flow

A

Capillaries

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24
Q

Vessels with a thick muscle layer

A

Arteries

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25
Vessels with very thin walls; only have a single layer of cells
Capillaries
26
Vessels with the smallest internal diameter
Capillaries
27
Vessels with a very thin muscle layer
Veins
28
Vessels that exhibit a pulse
Arteries
29
Vessels that bring blood to almost every cell in the body
Capillaries
30
Known as "exchange vessels"
Capillaries
31
What are the cells that migrate to the thymus and when mature are able to attack microbes directly
T-cells
32
What name is given to blood flow from the heart to lungs
Pulmonary
33
Blood pressure is measured by listening for constricted ____ to "pop" open
Artery
34
The back flow of fluid in veins and lymphatic system is prevented by____.
Valves
35
The most important function of the circulatory system is to ____ materials to and from all cells
Transport
36
Which layer of an artery contains thick, smooth muscle
Middle layer
37
Venous blood return to the heart due to ___ movements and sketetal muscular contractions
Diaphragm movement
38
Name several blood vessels commonly used to take the pulse
Radical, brachial, popliteal, doral, carotid
39
What are the two main methods of capillary exchange
Filtration and reabsorption
40
Blood pressure is read with a(an)
Syhgymomanometer
41
Blood typically flows from the heart first to___'then to__ then to___
Arteries, capillaries, veins
42
What is the structure whose main function is exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue
Capillaries
43
The force in which blood pushes against arterial walls during ventricular contraction is called__ blood pressure
Systolic
44
The hollow center of blood vessels through which blood flows
Lumen
45
Lymph is very similar to the body fluid
Interstitial
46
Structurally lymphatic vessels most resemble these vessels of the body
Veins
47
Which blood pressure would be considered to be normal (75/105),(108/68),(75/90),(150/100)
(108/68)
48
Which type of blood vessel is referred to as a blood reservoir
Veins
49
The pulmonary circulation carriers blood from the heart to the lungs and back to this chamber
Left atrium
50
The exchange of materials between fetal and maternal circulation occurs through this structure
Placenta
51
Name some factors that vascular resistance related to
Blood viscosity, blood vessels, length and radius
52
At rest most of the blood in the body is contained in these vessels
Veins
53
In an overweight person the factor most likely to increase systemic vessel resistance
Length of vessel
54
A foreign substance that provokes an immune response in the body
Antigen
55
Which receptors are involved in monitoring blood pressure
Bararecptors
56
Blood pressure would increase with a (increase,decrease) in heart rate (increase,decrease) in vascular resistance, (increase,decrease) in blood volume, (increase,decrease) in water retention
.increase Increase Increase Increase
57
How would the following affect blood pressure? Increased cardiac output, decreased blood volume, water retention, increased vascular resistance, increased production of epinephrine
``` Increase Decrease Increase Increase Increase ```
58
Proteins that are produced by cells which are infected with viruses
Interferons
59
Baroreceptors to monitor pressure of blood going to the brain are located here
Carotid artery
60
List some functions of the lymphatic system
Drains interstitial fluid, transport lipids from GI to blood, immune response
61
All lymph in the body is eventually returned to the blood in this vessel
Subclavian vein
62
How oiled the following affect vascular resistance? Blood viscosity increases, blood viscosity increases, increased blood vessel diameter, Being in arteries compared to capillaries, increasing blood vessel length
``` Increased Increased Decreased Decreased Increased ```
63
Slow resting heart rate
Bradycardia
64
Saclike dilation of the artery wall
Aneurysm
65
Stretching of walls of veins, especially around valves
Various veins
66
Inflammation of vein
Phlebitis
67
Low oxygen availability
Hypoxia
68
Persistently high blood pressure
Hypertension
69
Rapid resting heart rate
Tachycardia
70
High amount of carbon dioxide in the blood
Hypercapnia
71
List someone structures involved in the first line of defense against pathogens
Skin, mucous, membrane fluids, movement
72
What are symptoms of inflammation
Urinating pain, redness, swelling, heat
73
List some substances that could act antigens
Food, bacteria, viruses, pollen
74
When a cell is infected by a virus, what may the cell produce to help
Infernos
75
Why are lymph nodes important
Filter lymph, lymphocytes
76
What term is given to decrease in diameter of a blood vessel due to contraction of the smooth muscle in its walls
Vasoconstriction
77
In general what vessels can we see through our skin
veins
78
Mucous membranes would be considered to be a ___ line of defense against pathogens
First
79
Which lymphatic organ is located posterior to the sternum
Thymus
80
Name the major components of the lymphatic system
Lymphynode, lymph, vessels, structure, red marrow
81
Which cells produce antibodies
B-cells
82
Which is the largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body
Spleen
83
Which lymphocytes are found in lymph nodes
Mature B-cells
84
Where are damaged and worn-out red blood cells destroyed
Spleen
85
Where is the cardiovascular center located
Medulla

Chapter 16-17 (1 decks)

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