15th Century - Early Renaissance Art in Italy, I (pgs 445-448 and 503-535 Flashcards
_____ was an important manufacturing center, a key center for trade, a major center for international banking
Florence
Who controlled the Florentine government, instead of hereditary aristocracy?
Bankers and merchants
Economic and social organizations that strengthened the positions of artisans and merchants…..
guilds
The governing council of Florence is the…….
Signoria
How did Florentines signal their identity as heirs to the ancient Roman Republic?
the Florentine government was a republic
In his “In the Praise of Florence”, Leonardo Bruni compared Florence’s virtues to those of
5th century BCE Athens
Athens defied the invading Persians, the same way Florence defied the invading
Milanians
Why did few women become sculptors, painters, and goldsmiths?
Most women were forbidden entry to most guilds
Andrea Pisano completed the ______ ______ for the baptistery of Florence in 1360.
bronze doors
A true and sincere study of human works that emphasized rhetoric, literature, history, and moral philosophy……
Renaissance Humanism
Intellectuals in Italy believed that they were living in a ……..
NEW AGE
How did Italian intellectuals believe they could improve their world?
By reviving the best of the Classical World from Ancient Greece and Rome
What technique did the Northern Renaissance have that the South (Italy) did not have yet?
Oil paint
What did oil paint allow Northern Europeans to do?
Paint in detail, tons of detail
What did the Northern Renaissance lack that the Italian Renaissance have even in the early Renaissance?
- The linear perspective (control of space)
2. Anatomy of the body
Classical LLA rebirth in the Renaissance:
Classical learning, literature, and art
Different from the North, where cultural expansion was constructed by _________________________
technical and cultural achievements
Why did Renaissance Humanism change the world of science and math?
It inspired new ways of thinking, creating empirical observations, and analytical thinking.
How was Renaissance Humanism different from the past?
Medieval universities prized theology.
Renaissance Humanism encouraged ______ and promoted _____ ______
individualism; civic duty
What did artists study?
the ancient arts, not just the motifs and forms, but how the five elements of design (line, shape, color, texture, space) were used to achieve a form of naturalism.
What changed for patrons?
They became informed viewers who studied works as well
5 Elements of Design to achieve a naturalism
Line ------ Shape [ ] Color (color in) Texture (sand it) Space
The Medieval tradition relied heavily on the artisans and crafts members of the guild, but what changed in the Renaissance?
The idea of the individual artist emerged (Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Rafael)
During the early Renaissance in Italy, the Pope returned from Avignon to…..
Rome
True or false: Italy was a unified country during the Renaissance.
False - several kingdoms and city-states
