15.8 shapes of complex ions

Question 1

which ligands form octahedral complex ions?

Answer 1

H2O, OH-, NH3

Question 2

which ligands form tetrahedral complexes?

Answer 2

Cl-, larger ligands

Question 3

what is an example of a square planar complex?

Answer 3

cis-platin

Question 4

what is the formula of cis-platin?

Answer 4

Pt(NH3)2Cl2

Question 5

why does only the cis-platin work?

Answer 5

both Cl ligands have to be on the same side to bind to DNA together

Question 6

• how does cis-platin treat cancer?

Answer 6

cis-platin passes through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion
- Cl- ligands are exchanged by an H2O molecule
- H2O ligands hydrogen bond with an N in guanine which disrupts DNA structure

Question 7

what is a haem group?

Answer 7

Fe2+ complex with multidentate ligand

Question 8

explain in ligand exchange, why is CO toxic to humans.

Answer 8

CO forms a strong coordinate bond with haemoglobin & replaces O2 in a ligand exchange reaction
- prevents O2 attaching to haemoglobin

Question 9

what is an example of a linear complex?

Answer 9

[H3N-Ag-NH3]+
- Ag commonly form linear complexes