156-200 Flashcards
- A patient is recovering from a stroke (left cerebrovascular accident) and demonstrates difficulty with articulation. The therapist decides to test for hypoglossal nerve function (CN XII). Which of the following is the BEST test for hypoglossal function?
a. Stimulate the back of the throat on each side and observe the gag reflex.
b. Instruct the patient to clench the teeth and hold against resistance.
c. Instruct the patient to show the teeth and puff out the cheeks.
d. Instruct the patient to protrude the tongue, observe for unilateral deviation
D.
- A patient presents with an acquired flatfoot deformity. The therapist recognizes that
this can result from injury to the muscle tendon. Which structure should be examined?
a. Anterior tibialis tendon.
b. Posterior tibialis tendon.
c. Fibularis longus tendon.
d. Achilles tendon.
B.
- A 13-year-old girl has structural right thoracic idiopathic scoliosis. The clinical features a physical therapist would expect to find include which of the following?
a. A high right shoulder, a prominent right scapula, and a left hip that protrudes.
b. A high left shoulder, a prominent left scapula, and a right hip that protrudes.
c. A high right shoulder, a prominent left scapula, and a right hip that protrudes.
d. A high left shoulder, a prominent right scapula, and a left hip that protrudes.
A.
- A patient with a complete C7 spinal cord injury is receiving physical therapy in an inpatient rehabilitation setting to maintain joint mobility. What intervention is likely to produce the GREATEST risk of heterotopic ossification (HO)?
a. Prolonged positioning with resting splints.
b. Forceful passive range of motion (PROM), especially if spasticity is present.
c. Prolonged stretching using tilt table standing.
d. Joint mobilization with PROM.
B.
- A patient complains of vascular changes in the hands usually experienced whenever it is cold. The therapist suspects Raynaud’s disease. Which examination findings are consistent with this diagnosis?
a. Hypersensitivity to tactile stimuli.
b. Loss of proprioception of the affected fingers.
c. Loss of two-point discrimination in the affected hands.
d. Temporary pallor and cyanosis of the digits.
D.
- A patient sustained a trimalleolar ankle fracture on the right and a fracture of the left distal radius. For partial weight bearing, it is BEST if the therapist has the patient use which device?
a. Axillary crutches.
b. Forearm crutches.
c. Platform crutches.
d. Lofstrand crutches.
C.
- A physical therapy examination of a 10-month-old infant shows a significant plagiocephaly on the right side of the posterior skull. What is the MOST EFFECTIVE treatment strategy to achieve a symmetrical head?
a. Instruct the parents to position the child in supine with head in neutral as much as possible.
b. Refer the family to an orthotist for the fitting of a cranial molding helmet.
c. Treat the infant for a left torticollis to relieve pressure on right side of skull.
d. Instruct the parents to position the child in left sidelying to cause pressure on the opposite side of the skull.
B.
- A teenager is admitted to a skilled nursing facility with a severe traumatic brain injury and marked spasticity. Cognitive function is documented at Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning Scale level IV. Family members visit on a daily basis. In this situation, it would be BEST if passive range of motion (PROM) exercises are which of the following?
a. Taught family members in order for them to participate in the care of the patient.
b. Performed only by the physical therapist since the patient is unable to follow verbal commands.
c. Performed only by the physical therapist (PT) or physical therapist assistant (PTA) to minimize the possibility of pathological fractures.
d. Taught to all registered nurses (RNs) who might participate in the care for the patient.
A.
- After gait training a patient with a transtibial prosthesis, a therapist notices redness along the patellar tendon and medial tibial flare. What would this indicate?
a. The socket is too small and the residual limb is not seated properly.
b. The socket is too large and pistoning is occurring.
c. There is improper weight distribution during stance.
d. Pressure-tolerant weight bearing is occurring.
D.
- During the examination of a 2-year-old child with mild cerebral palsy, the therapist is encouraged because the normal developmental milestones for a child of this age have been achieved. This was demonstrated by the child’s ability to perform which activity?
a. Hop on one foot.
b. Stand on tiptoes.
c. Go up stairs foot-over-foot.
d. Jump with two feet.
C.
A therapist sees a patient in the intensive care unit with multiple trauma and severe
traumatic brain injury. A chest tube is in place and it exits from the right thorax. The patient is in need of airway clearance. What action should be taken in this case?
a. Percussion and shaking are contraindicated due to traumatic brain injury.
b. Percussion and shaking can be done only in the right side-lying position.
c. Percussion and shaking can be done in the area surrounding the chest tube.
d. Percussion and shaking can be done only when the chest tube is removed.
C.
To prevent maximal compressive forces being placed on the patella, a therapist
should minimize placing the patient in which position?
a. Prone and flexing the knee to 30 degrees.
b. In a sitting position with the knee flexed to 90 degrees.
c. Supine and flexing both the hip and knee to 110 degrees.
d. Prone and flexing the knee to 110 degrees with the hip extended.
D.
To promote upright posture and higher walking speeds in a child with spastic
diplegia, which ambulatory aid is MOST beneficial?
a. A reciprocating gait orthosis.
b. An anterior rollator walker.
c. A posterior rollator walker.
d. A parapodium.
C.
Following an exercise session for patients with heart failure in a Phase 3 cardiac
rehabilitation program, what is prevented if the therapist employs a gradual and
prolonged cool-down period?
a. Exertional dyspnea.
b. Tachycardia.
c. Venous pooling.
d. Hypertension.
C.
A therapist wishes to examine the effects of fatigue on physical, cognitive, and
functional performance in a patient with a 7-year history of multiple sclerosis (MS).
What is the BEST instrument to use?
a. Functional Independence Measure (FIM).
b. Walking ability questionnaire (WAQ).
c. Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS).
d. Modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS).
D.
