W2 Chapter 4.2 - What Traits Matter? Flashcards

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1
Q

What is factor analysis?

A

A statistical procedure used to find basic dimensions underlying a set of measures

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2
Q

How does factor analysis differ from correlation?

A

Factor analysis looks at correlations among many variables instead of just two

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3
Q

What are the four steps of factor analysis?

A
  1. collect the data
  2. compute the correlations of every item with every other item
  3. compute factor loadings on each item
  4. Name the factors
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4
Q

what do factor loadings tell us?

A

how much the item reflects the underlying dimension

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5
Q

When do you used exploratory factor analysis?

A

When you don’t have a good idea of what will go with what

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6
Q

What number is considered a “strong” factor loading?

A

0.40 or higher

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7
Q

What are the three things factor analysis does in trait psychology?

A
  1. reduces multiple reflections of personality to a smaller set of traits
  2. provides a basis to argue that some traits matter more than others
  3. aids in the development of assessment devices
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8
Q

What is the limitation of factor analysis?

A

The decision about what to measure has a huge impact on what emerges as traits

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9
Q

What are the two approaches that govern what measures are collected?

A
  1. the empirical approach
  2. the interpersonal approach
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10
Q

What are the two types of empirical approaches?

A
  1. language based
    2.
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11
Q

What is the lexical criterion of importance?

A

An index of the importance of a trait based on the number of words that refer to it.

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12
Q

How many dimensions did Cattell (1947) identify?

A

16

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13
Q

What are the two super traits Eysenck (1967) identified?

A
  1. extraversion
  2. neuroticism
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14
Q

what are the four traits of an introvert who is low in neuroticism?

A
  1. careful
  2. controlled
  3. calm
  4. thoughtful
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15
Q

what are the two traits of an introvert who is high in neuroticism?

A
  1. pessimistic
  2. anxious
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16
Q

what are the two traits of an extravert who is low in neuroticism?

A
  1. easygoing
  2. carefree sociability
17
Q

what is the trait of an extravert who is high in neuroticism?

A

excitable aggression

18
Q

What is the basis of Wiggins’ (1979) interpersonal approach?

A

That core human traits concern interpersonal life

19
Q

what is Wiggin’s (1979) interpersonal circle?

A

personality patterns deriving from varying levels of dominance and love

20
Q

what are the two traits of a person high in dominance and low in love?

A
  1. arrogance
  2. calculating
21
Q

what are the two traits of a person high in dominance and high in love?

A
  1. gregarious
  2. extraverted