152 Flashcards
1
Q
Fracture that does not break through the skin
A
Closed
2
Q
Serious fracture in which bones are not in an atomic alignment
A
Displaced
3
Q
Fracture in which bone retains its normal alignment
A
Non displaced
4
Q
Serious fracture in which broken bones or bone project through skin
A
Open
5
Q
Cleft or deep groove
A
Fissure
6
Q
Pit, fovea, or hollow space
A
Fossa
7
Q
Shallow linear channel
A
Groove
8
Q
Recess, groove, cavity, or hollow space such as recess or groove in bone, as used to designate channel for venous blood on inner surface of cranium. Air cavity in bone or hollow space in other tissue . Fistula or suppurating channel in soft tissue
A
Sinus
9
Q
Indentation into border of a bone
A
Notch
10
Q
Furrow, trench, or fissure like depression
A
Sulcus
11
Q
Hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves
A
Foramen
12
Q
Tube like passageway running within a bone
A
Meatus
13
Q
Rounded process at an articular extremity
A
Condyle
14
Q
Expanded end of a long bone
A
Head
15
Q
Less prominent ridge than a crest; a linear elevation
A
Line
16
Q
Sharp process
A
Spine
17
Q
Club shaped process
A
Mallelous
18
Q
Small rounded and elevated process
A
Tubercle
19
Q
Ridge like process
A
Crest
20
Q
Beak like or crown like process
A
Coracoid or coronoid
21
Q
Small smooth surfaced process for articulation with another structure
A
Facet
22
Q
Large rounded and elevated process
A
Tuberosity
23
Q
Hook shaped process
A
Hamulus
24
Q
Projecting part or prominence
A
Protuberance
25
Projection above a condyle
Epicondyle
26
Long pointed process
Styloid
27
Either of two large rounded and elevated processes located at junction of neck and shaft of femur
Trochanter
28
Horn like process on a bone
Horn
29
Extend beyond or project out from the main body of a bone
Process or projections
30
Refers to forward or or front part of body or forward part of organ
Anterior (ventral)
31
Refers to back part of body or organ (note however that the superior surface of the foot is referred to as its dorsal surface)
Posterior (dorsal)
32
Refers to parts away from the head of the body
Caudad
33
Refers to parts toward the head of the body
Cephalad
34
Refers to nearer the feet or situated below
Inferior
35
Refers to nearer the head or situated above
Superior
36
Refers to middle area or main part of an organ
Central
37
Refers to part at or near the surface, edge, or outside of another body part
Peripheral
38
Refers to part or parts on opposite side of body
Contralateral
39
Refers to part or parts on same side of body
Ipsilateral
40
Refers to parts away from median plane of body or away from the middle of another body part to the right or left
Lateral
41
Refers to parts toward median plane of body or toward the middle of another body part
Medial
42
Refers to parts far from the surface
Deep
43
Refers to parts near skin or surface
Superficial
44
Refers to parts farthest from point of attachment, point of reference, origin, or beginning; away from center of body
Distal
45
Refers to parts nearer point of attachment, point of reference, origin, or beginning; toward center of body
Proximal
46
Refers to parts outside an organ or on outside of body
External
47
Refers to parts within or on the inside of an organ
Internal
48
Refers to the wall or lining of a body cavity
Parietal
49
Refers to covering of an organ
Visceral
50
Refers to top or anterior surface of the foot or to the back or posterior surface of the hand
Dorsum
51
Refers to the palm of the hand
Palmer
52
Refers to the sole of the foot
Plantar
53
Is caused by heart pulsation, chill, peristalsis, tremor, spasm, pain
Involuntary motion/ muscles
54
Peristalsis
Involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine
55
Is caused by nervousness, discomfort, excitability, mental illness, fear, age, breathing
Voluntary motion/ muscles
56
Erect, facing forward, palms forward, heels together, toes forward
Anatomical position
57
PROJECTION: patients chest is against IR
PA Projection
58
PROJECTION: The patients chest is against IR
Pa projection
59
PROJECTION the patients back is against the IR
AP projection
60
PROJECTION side of body is against IR (90 degrees)
Lateral projection
61
PROJECTION body is angled to IR (45 degrees )
Oblique projection
62
PROJECTION patient is facing IR at an angle with left side against IR and right side away from IR
PA oblique projection
63
Divides the entire body or body part into right and left segments
Sagittal plane
64
Right and left segments are equal
Midsagittal plane
65
Divides the body or body part into anterior and posterior (front and rear) segments
Coronal plane
66
Posterior or anterior segments are equal
Mid coronal plane
67
Divides body or body part into inferior and superior segments
Horizontal plane (cross-sectional, transverse, axial)
68
Passes through a body part at any angle among the three previously described planes
Oblique planes
69
Transects the pelvis at the top of the iliac crests at the level of the 4th lumbar
Interilliac plane
70
Formed by biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with jaws closed
Occlusal plane
71
Cavity includes Pleural membranes, lungs, trachea, esophagus, pericardium, heart and great vessels
Thoracic Cavity
72
Cavity includes Peritoneum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, stomach, intestines, kidneys, ureters, major blood vessels
Abdominal cavity
73
Cavity includes rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive system
Pelvic portion of Abdominal Cavity
74
Quadrant: liver, gallbladder, duodenum, ascending and transverse colon, part of right kidney
Right Upper Quadrant
75
Quadrant includes spleen, stomach, pancreas, descending and transverse colon, part of left kidney
Left Upper Quadrant
76
Quadrant includes cecum, appendix, ascending colon, part of right kidney, right ureter
Right lower quadrant
77
Quadrant includes sigmoid, descending colon, part of left kidney left ureter
Left lower quadrant
78
MASTOID TIP
C1
79
GONION
C2, c3
80
HYOID BONE
C3, c4
81
THYROID CARTILAGE
C5
82
VERTEBRA PROMINENS
C7, T1
83
2 INCHES ABOVE JUGULAR NOTCH
T1
84
LEVEL OF JUGULAR NOTCH
T2, T3
85
LEVEL OF STERNAL ANGLE
T4, T5
86
LEVEL OF INFERIOR ANGLES OF SCAPULAE
T7
87
LEVEL OF XIPHOID PROCESS
T9, T10
88
INFERIOR COSTAL MARGIN
L2, L3
89
LEVEL OF SUPERIORMOST ASPECT OF ILIAC CRESTS
L4, L5
90
LEVEL OF ANTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SPINE (ASIS)
S1, S2
91
LEVEL OF PUBIC SYMPHYSIS AND GREATER TROCHANTERS
COCCYX
92
Habitus: 50%, moderately heavy build, moderately long abdomen, thorax is moderately short, broad, and deep, relatively small pelvis
Sthenic
93
Habitus: 35% intermediate between sthenic and asthenic
Hyposthenic
94
10% frail build, short abdomen, thorax is long and shallow, pelvis is wide
Asthenic
95
5% massive build, long abdomen, thorax is short broad and deep, pelvis is narrow
Hypersthenic
96
206 bones; storage for calcium, phosphorus and salts; production of white and red blood cells
Adult human skeleton
97
skull, neck, thorax, and vertebral column; 80 bones
axial skeleton
98
shoulder girdle, upper limbs, lower limbs, and pelvic girdle; 126 bones
appendicular skeleton
99
development and formation of bone
ossification
100
ossification forms the long shaft of long bones called the diaphysis
primary ossification
101
ossification in pediatric patients is the formation of the epiphysis at the ends of the diaphysis. full ossification of this plate occurs in adults to form the epiphyseal line
secondary ossification
102
examples of long bones
femur, humerous, phalangies
103
examples of short bones
carpals of the wrist, tarsals in the ankles
104
examples of flat bones
sternum, pubis
105
examples of irregular bones
vertebrae, coccyx
106
example of sesamoid bones
patella
107
Immovable joints
Synarthroses
108
Slightly movable joint
Amphiarthrosis
109
Freely movable joint
Diaryhrosis
110
Bones that develop from fibrosis membranes in the embryo produce flat bones. Before birth bones are not jointed
Intermembranous ossification
111
Bones developed from hyaline cartilage in the embryo and produce short irregular and long bones
Endochondral ossification
