151-200

Question 1

151. Which area in cartilage is relatively collagen-poor and proteoglycan-rich://

Answer 1

Territorial matrix

Question 2

152. How does articular cartilage differ from most other hyaline cartilage://

Answer 2

It lacks a perichondrium

Question 3

152. How does articular cartilage differ from most other hyaline cartilage://

Answer 3

It lacks a perichondrium

Question 4

152. How does articular cartilage differ from most other hyaline cartilage://

Answer 4

It lacks a perichondrium

Question 5

153. What do you call the space where a chondrocyte sits in://

Answer 5

lacuna

Question 6

154. Classification of cartilage tissue into three types depends on://

Answer 6

amounts of collagen and proteoglycan

Question 7

155. Which type of cartilage is found in the walls of the eustachian tube://

Answer 7

Elastic cartilage (also called yellow cartilage

Question 8

156. Which type of cartilage forms the skeleton of the fetus://

Answer 8

Hyaline cartilage

Question 9

157. Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of elastic fibers://

Answer 9

Elastic cartilage

Question 10

158. The process of intramembranous ossification begins with the formation of://

Answer 10

formation of mesenchymal condensations, which differentiate into proliferating preosteoblasts and finally become bone-depositing osteoblast

Question 11

159. Mesenchymal stem cells give rise to all cells of skeletal tissues except for one://

Question 12

160. The structural unit of the mature compact bone is://

Answer 12

osteon, or Haversian system

Question 13

161. Bone growth in length is provided by://

Answer 13

Epiphyseal plate of the long bone cartilage

Question 14

162. The process of endochondral ossification begins with://

Answer 14

Endochondral ossification begins with mesenchymal tissue transforming into a cartilage intermediate, which is later replaced by bone and forms the remainder of the axial skeleton and the long bones.

Question 15

163. What cell is involved in bone resorption://

Answer 15

Osteoclast cells

Question 16

164. What is the cylindrical structure in compact bone://

Answer 16

osteons or Haversian systems

Question 17

165. What is the space that an osteocyte rests in://

Answer 17

lacuna

Question 18

166. What cell is an immature bone cell://

Answer 18

osteoblast

Question 19

167. What is the covering of a bone://

Answer 19

periosteum

Question 20

168. In healthy bone canaliculi are likely to contain which one of the following://

Answer 20

osteocytes

Question 21

169. Which component of bone impedes the distribution of nutrients and oxygen to osteocytes://

Answer 21

Haversian canals.

Question 22

170. Which if the following most accurately describes compact bone://

Question 23

171. In the diaphysis of a typical long bone which of the following structures is in closest proximity
     to the trabeculae of cancellous bone://

Answer 23

inner circumferential lamellae

Question 24

172. During the hystological study of cortical shaft, basophilic cells with developed synthesis organelles can be seen on the bone surface under the layer of fibers. These cells take part in bone tissue regeneration. What shaft layer are they located in://

Answer 24

Periosteum

Question 25

173. Which of the following is characteristic of the chromatophilic material called Nissl substance in neural tissue://

Answer 25

Site of mRNA translation for proteins of the axolemma

Question 26

174. Which of the following events occurs immediately after an action potential reaches a synapse at an axon terminal://

Answer 26

Calcium ion influx at the presynaptic terminal

Question 27

175. In the choroid plexus water from capillaries is transported directly into the cerebrospinal fluid by what structure(s)://

Answer 27

Ependyma

Question 28

176. What term applies to collections of neuronal cell bodies (somata) in the central nervous system://

Answer 28

Nuclei

Question 29

177. Which structure contains trabeculae around which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows://

Answer 29

Dura Mater

Question 30

178. Which of the following is a characteristic of the connective tissue layer that surrounds individual fascicles in large peripheral nerves://

Answer 30

Important as part of the blood-nerve barrier in the nerve

Question 31

179. Myelinated nervous fibers are characterized by presence of all morphological features EXCEPT for one://

Question 32

180. Neuroglial cells lining the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord are
     called: //

Answer 32

ependyma

Question 33

181. Neurons whose axons form the motor endings on the surfaces of smooth muscle tissue are found in://

Answer 33

motor neuron (or motoneuron or efferent neuron

Question 34

182. The organ belonging to the organs of central nervous system is://

Answer 34

brain and spinal cord

Question 35

183. Neurotransmitter of motor end plate is://

Answer 35

Acetylcholine

Question 36

183. Neurotransmitter of motor end plate is://

Answer 36

Acetylcholine

Question 37

184. What are most neurons in the body://

Answer 37

multipolar

Question 38

185. What is the cell body of a neuron called://

Answer 38

soma

Question 39

186. Which cell is a macrophage found in the central nervous system://

Answer 39

Microglia

Question 40

187. What is tissue which surrounds a nerve fascicle://

Answer 40

perineurium

Question 41

188. What are interneurons://

Answer 41

they connect spinal motor and sensory neurons. As well as transferring signals between sensory and motor neurons,they connect spinal motor and sensory neurons. As well as transferring signals between sensory and motor neurons

Question 42

189. What are the basophilic clusters of ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum seen in neurons called://

Answer 42

Nissl, Nissl bodies or Nissl substance.

Question 43

190. A sensitive neural ganglion consists of roundish neurocytes with one extension that divides into
     axon and dendrite at some distance from the perikaryon. What are these cells called://

Answer 43

Pseudounipolar

Question 44

191. As a result of a mechanical injury an over 10 cm long portion of a peripheral nerve was damaged. This caused an impairment of the upper limb activity. The patient was offered nerve transplantation. What glial cells will participate in regeneration and provide the trophism of the injured limb://

Answer 44

Schwann cells

Question 45

192. As a result of an injury, the integrity of the anterior spinal cord root was broken. Specify the neurons and their processes that had been damaged://

Answer 45

Axons of motor neurons

Question 46

193. The basal lamina of a muscle fiber is part of which structure://

Answer 46

Endomysium

Question 47

194. With the transmission electron microscope skeletal muscle fibers can be seen to contain structures called triads. What do the two lateral components of a triad represent://

Answer 47

Sites for calcium sequestration and release

Question 48

195. Which characteristic is unique to cardiac muscle://

Answer 48

branching morphology and the presence of intercalated discs found between muscle fibers.

Question 49

196. Smooth muscle tissue is characterized by all morphological features except for one://

Question 50

197. Sarcomere is a segment of myofibril between://

Answer 50

between two neighbouring Z-lines

Question 51

198. White skeletal muscle fibers are characterized by all morphological and functional features EXCEPT for one://

Question 52

199. Skeletal muscle fiber is characterized by all morphological features EXCEPT for one://

Question 53

200. Cardiac muscle fiber is characterized by all morphological features, EXCEPT for one://

Question 54

200. Cardiac muscle fiber is characterized by all morphological features, EXCEPT for one://