15. Ultrasound Basics Flashcards by Kira Harms

Q

ultrasound wave

A

sound waves

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Q

what is in u/s probe

A

piezoelectric crystales

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Q

linear probe freq

A

high freq
5-15 MHZ

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Q

linear probe beam

A

rectangular

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Q

linear FOV

A

narrow FOV

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Q

linear use

A

vascular access
nerve blocks

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Q

curvilinear freq

A

lower freq
2-5 MHZ

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Q

curvilinear beam

A

curved
wide

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Q

curvilinear FOV

A

wide FOV

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Q

curvilinear use

A

deep structures

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Q

high freq =

A

better resolution
less penetration

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Q

low freq =

A

less resolution
better penetration

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Q

depth is measured in

A

cm

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Q

gain

A

screen brightness

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Q

doppler red

A

toward probe

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Q

doppler blue

A

away from probe

Q

doppler no color

A

90 deg from probe

Q

BART

A

blue
away
red
toward

Q

long axis vessel

A

band

Q

short axis vessel

A

circle

Q

in-plane

A

needle parallel to u/s array

Q

out-of-plane

A

needle perpendicular to u/s array

Q

in-plane needle insertion

A

1 cm from side of transverser

Q

out-of-plane needle insertion

A

next to middle of probe mark

Q

artifact is caused by

A

interference

Q

reflection

A

caused by large difference in impedance between 2 tissues

acoustic shadowing

Q

soft tissue impetence

A

medium
z=1.6

Q

air impedence

A

low

Q

bone impedence

A

high

Q

refraction

A

refraction caused by slight difference in impedance between 2 tissues

acoustic enhancement

Q

attenuation

A

signal loss as you move further from probe

Q

reverberation

A

fluid filled object reflects back and forth

Q

bayonet effect

A

due to differences in transmission speed

Q

speed of sound transmission fast to slow

A

BONE
BLOOD
LIVER
FAT
AIR

Q

monitoring for blocks

A

NIBP
EKG
pulse ox
ETCO2 (w/IV sedation)

Q

inject which structures first

A

deeper