1.5 System Software Flashcards
What is the primary role of an operating system?
The primary role of an operating system is to manage hardware and software resources and provide an interface for users and application programs.
What are the four main functions of an operating system?
The four main functions of an operating system are managing hardware resources, providing a user interface, managing files, and managing system security.
How does an operating system manage hardware resources?
The operating system manages hardware resources by controlling the CPU, memory, input/output devices, and ensuring that programs use these resources efficiently.
What is multitasking in an operating system?
Multitasking in an operating system is the ability to run multiple programs or processes simultaneously, allowing users to switch between tasks without interrupting the system.
What is the role of utility software?
The role of utility software is to perform maintenance tasks to improve the functionality and performance of the computer system, such as file management, security, and system optimization.
Name three examples of utility software.
Three examples of utility software are antivirus software, disk defragmenters, and backup software.
How does antivirus software help in maintaining system security?
Antivirus software helps maintain system security by detecting and removing malware, including viruses, worms, and Trojan horses, from the computer system.
What is the purpose of a disk defragmenter?
A disk defragmenter improves system performance by reorganizing fragmented data on a hard drive so that files are stored in contiguous blocks, making access faster.
What is the difference between system software and application software?
System software is responsible for running the computer and managing resources, while application software is designed for end-users to perform specific tasks, like word processing or web browsing.
What is the role of a file management system in an operating system?
A file management system organizes, stores, and retrieves files on a computer, managing directories, file names, permissions, and access rights.
What is a user interface in an operating system?
A user interface is the part of the operating system that allows users to interact with the computer typically through a graphical user interface (GUI) or command-line interface (CLI).
What are the benefits of a GUI over a CLI?
A GUI is more user-friendly providing visual icons and menus
How does an operating system handle memory management?
The operating system allocates memory to programs and ensures that they don’t interfere with each other
What is the role of the operating system in managing processes?
The operating system manages processes by allocating CPU time ensuring that each process runs without interfering with others
What is a backup utility and why is it important?
A backup utility creates copies of important files or the entire system to protect against data loss due to hardware failure or accidental deletion.
How does a firewall contribute to system security?
A firewall monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic to prevent unauthorized access and protect the system from malicious attacks.
What is the purpose of compression software?
Compression software reduces the size of files or folders making them easier to store or transmit
How does an operating system control input and output devices?
The operating system uses device drivers to control input and output devices such as keyboards
What is the difference between a system call and an interrupt in an OS?
A system call is a request by a program for a service from the operating system while an interrupt is a signal from hardware to the OS to indicate the need for attention or action.
Why is system security important in operating systems?
System security ensures the protection of data, prevents unauthorized access
