15 Proporties And Uses Of Water Flashcards
What is flocculation
The process of gently mixing the water to create larger heavier particles known as flocs
What is sedimentation
The settling of flocs at the bottom of the container due to their increase in weight.
Filtration
Where solid particles in a liquid are removed by a filter medium that permits the fluid to pass through.
Disinfection
The chlorination of water to kill off waterborne diseases like bacteria and viruses. Reduces the spread of diseases like cholera, dysentery and typhoid. Florine is also added to increase dental wellbeing.
Where is our freshwater collected
Reservoirs eg dams
Rivers and lakes
Groundwater
Rainwater
Recycled water
Desalination plants
Properties of water for life
High specific heat capacity
Can dissolve substances
High latent heat of vaporisation
Expands on freezing
Creates molecules vital for life like glucose
Is water polar
Yes
What is cohesion
What is Surface tension
High surface tension because at the surface, hydrogen molecules which usually bind with 4 hydrogen atoms must bond sideways and reinforce the surface
What is adhesion
Capillary action
When a liquid flows through a narrow space without assistance of external forces eg gravity.
Structure of water
Water tends to form v shaped polar covalent bonds.
These molecules are polar because an overall dipole exists as a result of the asymmetrical nature of the polar HO bonds
Hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonds are attracted to eachother and can form a max of 4 hydrogen bonds
Melting m/boiling point of water
Water has a high melting/boiling point compared to other hydrides.
This is due to the relatively strong hydrogen-hydrogen bonds
Density
Ice is less dense than in liquid form because it’s unique geometric arrangement because of hydrogen bonding
Heat capacity
A measure of a substances capacity to absorb store heat energy. High for water
Latent heat
The heat needed to transform the state of one mole of a molecule
The latent heat of fusion and vaporisation of water is relatively high due to the strong hydrogen bonding between molecules
Aqueous solutions
Solutions where water is the solvent
Formation of solutions involve
The rearrangement of bonds
- particles bonds in the solute are Brocken
- liquid bonds are disrupted as solute particles move between them
- new bonds form between solute particles and liquid particles
