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ATI Psych > 15 - Personality Disorders > Flashcards

15 - Personality Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

A client who has a personality disorder demonstrates _____ personality characteristics.

A

pathological

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2
Q

A client who has a personality disorder exhibits impairments in _____ or _____ and _____ functioning.

A

self-identity
self-direction
interpersonal functioning

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3
Q

The _____ behaviors of a personality disorder are not always perceived by the individual as dysfunctional, and some areas of personal functioning may be adequate.

A

maladaptive

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4
Q

Personality disorders often co-occur with other mental health diagnoses, such as _____, _____, and eating and substance abuse _____.

A

depression
anxiety
disorders

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5
Q

Defense mechanisms used by clients who have personality disorders include _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____.

A 
repression
suppression
regression
undoing
splitting
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6
Q

What is defined as the inability to incorporate positive and negative aspects of oneself or others into a whole image?

A

splitting

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7
Q

T/F: Splitting is frequently seen in the acute mental health setting.

A

True

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8
Q

Splitting is commonly associated with _____ personality disorder.

A

borderline

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9
Q

In splitting, the client characterizes people as ____ ____ or ____ ____ at any particular moment. This can change quickly.

A

all good

all bad

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10
Q

What are common risk factors associated with personality disorders?

A
  • substance abuse
  • violent/non-violent crimes including sex offenses
  • psychosocial influences
  • biological influences
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11
Q

What are examples of psychosocial influences leading to personality disorders?

A
  • child abuse or trauma

- developmental factors with a direct link to parenting

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12
Q

What are examples of biological influences leading to personality disorders?

A

genetic an biochemical factors

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13
Q

Clients who have a personality disorder will exhibit one or more of these common pathological personality characteristics:

A
  • inflexibility/maladaptive responses to STRESS
  • COMPULSIVENESS and lack of social restraint
  • inability to emotionally CONNECT in social and professional relationships
  • tendency to PROVOKE interpersonal conflict
  • ability to merge personal BOUNDARIES with other
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14
Q

What is considered Cluster A traits?

A

odd or eccentric

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15
Q

What is considered Cluster B traits?

A

dramatic, emotional, or erratic

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16
Q

What is considered Cluster C traits?

A

anxious or fearful, insecurity and inadequacy

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17
Q

What 3 diagnoses are categorized as Cluster A?

A

(Think APSS)
Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

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18
Q

Name the disorder:
Characterized by distrust and suspiciousness toward others based on unfounded beliefs that others want to harm, exploit, or deceive the person.

A

Paranoid

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19
Q

Name the disorder:
Characterized by emotional detachment, disinterest in close relationships, and indifference to praise or criticism; often uncooperative.

A

Schizoid

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20
Q

Name the disorder:
Characterized by odd beliefs leading to interpersonal difficulties, an eccentric appearance, and magical thinking or perceptual distortions that are not clear delusions or hallucinations.

A

Schizotypal

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21
Q

What 4 diagnoses are categorized as Cluster B?

A

Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

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22
Q

Name the disorder:
Characterized by disregard for others with exploitation, repeated unlawful actions, deceit, and failure to accept personal responsibility.

A

Antisocial

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23
Q

Name the disorder:
Characterized by instability of affect, identity, and relationships, as well as splitting behaviors, manipulation, impulsiveness, and fear of abandonment; often tries self-injury and may be suicidal.

A

Borderline

24
Q

Name the disorder:
Characterized by emotional attention-seeking behavior, in which the person needs to be the center of attention; often seductive and flirtatious.

A

Histrionic

they’ll throw a hissy fit if they aren’t the center of attention

25
Q

Name the disorder:
Characterized by arrogance, grandiose views of self-importance, the need for consistent admiration, and a lack of empathy for others that strains most relationships; often sensitive to criticism.

A

Narcissistic

Donald Trump

26
Q

What 3 diagnoses are categorized as Cluster C?

A

(Think CADO)
Avoidant
Dependent
Obsessive-compulsive

27
Q

Name the diagnosis:
Characterized by social inhibition and avoidance of all situations that require interpersonal contact, despite wanting close relationships, due to extreme fear of rejection; often very anxious in social situations.

A

Avoidant

28
Q

Name the diagnosis:
Characterized by extreme dependency in a close relationship with an urgent search to fine a replacement when one relationship ends.

A

Dependent

29
Q

Name the diagnosis:
Characterized by perfectionism with a focus on orderliness and control to the extent that the individual may not be able to accomplish a given task.

A

Obsessive-compulsive

30
Q

_____ is vital for nurses caring for clients who have personality disorders and should be performed prior to care.

A

Self-assessment

31
Q

T/F: Clients who have personality disorders may evoke intense emotions in the nurse.

A

True

32
Q

Does awareness of personal reactions to stress promote or inhibit effective nursing care?

A

promotes

33
Q

Therapeutic communication and intervention are promoted when client behaviors are ____.

A

anticipated

34
Q

When should the nurse repeat the self-assessment?

A

If he/she is experiencing a personal stress response to client behavior.

35
Q

____ management focuses on appropriate social interaction within a group context.

A

Milieu

36
Q

What is always a priority concern for nurses when treating clients with personality disorders?

A

SAFETY!!!

37
Q

What can cause difficulty in developing the therapeutic relationship with clients with personality disorders?

A

Their sense of distrust or hostility toward others

38
Q

How can the nurse work toward developing a therapeutic relationship?

A

Use a firm, yet supportive approach and consistent care

39
Q

What can the nurse do to help enhance the client’s sense of control?

A

Offer the client realistic choices

40
Q

What must the nurse remember when dealing with manipulative clients? What disorders are often associated with manipulation?

A

Limit-setting and consistency

borderline and antisocial

41
Q

Clients who have dependent and histrionic personality disorders often benefit from ____ training and ____.

A

assertiveness

modeling

42
Q

Should the nurse ignore a client’s need for isolation? What disorders are often associated with isolation?

A

No, the nurse should respect the need for isolation.

Schizoid and schizotypal

43
Q

What must the nurse maintain with the clients with histrionic personality disorder?

A

Professional boundaries and communication

44
Q

When caring for clients who exhibit dependent behavior, self-assess frequently for ____ reactions.

A

countertransference

45
Q

What meds are often used with personality disorders?

A

Antidepressant
Anxiolytic
Antipsychotic
Mood stabilizers

46
Q

What are effective treatment modalities for clients with personality disorders?

A

Psychotherapy
Group therapy
Cognitive and behavior therapy

47
Q

____ behavior therapy is a cognitive-behavioral therapy used for clients who exhibit self-injurious behavior.

A

Dialectical

48
Q

What does dialectical behavior therapy focus on?

A

gradual behavior changes

provides acceptance and validation

49
Q

Case management in the acute setting includes:

A
  • obtaining the history from providers
  • supporting reintegration with the family
  • ensuring appropriate referrals to outpatient care
50
Q

Case management in the long-term outpatient facility includes:

A

reducing hospitalization by providing resources for crisis svcs and enhancing the social support system

51
Q

A nurse manager is discussing the care of a client who has a personality disorder with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates a need for further teaching?

A. “I can promote my client’s sense of control by establishing a schedule.”
B. “Self-assessment will help me cope with emotional reactions to client care.”
C. “I should practice limit-setting to help prevent client manipulation.”
D. “Maintaining professional boundaries is a priority of client care.”

A

A. Rather than establishing a schedule, the nurse should ask for the client’s input and offer realistic choices to promote the client’s sense of control.

52
Q

A nurse is caring for a client who has avoidant personality disorder. Which of the following statements is expected from a client who has this type of personality disorder.

A. “I’m scared that you’re going to leave me.”
B. “I’ll go to group therapy if you’ll let me smoke.”
C. “I need to feel that everyone admires me.”
D. “I sometimes feel better if I cut myself.”

A

A. Clients with avoidant personality disorder often have a fear of abandonment

53
Q

A charge nurse is preparing a staff education session on personality disorders. Which of the following should be included as personality characteristics associated with all of the personality disorders? (select all that apply)

A. Difficulty in getting along with other members of a group
B. Belief in the ability to become invisible during times of stress
C. Display of defense mechanisms when routines are changed
D. Claiming to be more important than other persons
E. Difficulty understanding why it is inappropriate to have a personal relationship with staff

A

A
C
E

54
Q

A nurse is caring for a client who has borderline personality disorder. The client says, “The nurse on the evening shift is always nice! You are the meanest nurse ever!” The nurse should recognize the client’s statement as an example of which of the following defense mechanisms?

A. Regression
B. Splitting
C. Undoing
D. Identification

A

B. Splitting

55
Q

A nurse is assisting with a court-ordered evaluation of a client who has antisocial personality disorder. When assessing this client, which of the following are expected findings? (select all that apply)

A. Demonstrates extreme anxiety when placed in a social situation
B. Has difficulty making even simple decisions
C. Attempts to convince other clients to give him their belongings
D. Becomes agitated if his personal area is not neat and orderly
E. Blames others for his past and current problems

A

C

E

ATI Psych (1 decks)

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