1.5 Origin of Cells

Question 1

Louis Pasteur

Answer 1

His experiments with bacteria disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of life.

Question 2

Miller and Urey

Answer 2

Experiments simulating prebiotic Earth suggested how mixtures of the organic compounds necessary for life could have arisen from the gases present on a primitive Earth; tested hypothesis and produced 20 amino acids.

Question 3

Endosymbiotic theory

Answer 3

Eukaryotic cells originated from symbiosis among various kinds of prokaryotes (prokaryotes turned into organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts)

Question 4

Symbiosis

Answer 4

Symbiosis is close and often long-term interaction between two different biological species.

Question 5

RNA

Answer 5

Can self-replicate, thus acting as a gene, and can act as a catalyst. This makes it likely to be involved in earliest life on Earth.

Question 6

Polymers

Answer 6

Large molecule with many monomers that had to have formed during the origin of life on Earth.

Question 7

Organic molecules

Answer 7

Carbon-based molecules making up living things. Had to have originated from inorganic molecules some 3.8 billion years ago.

Question 8

Plasma membrane

Answer 8

Essential to the origin of life on Earth in order to maintain an internal chemistry separate from a cell’s surroundings.

Question 9

T

Answer 9

Transport - Protien channels (facilitated and active and protien pumps

Question 10

R

Answer 10

Receptors - Peptide based hormones - inslulin - glucagen

Question 11

A

Answer 11

Anchorage- cystoskeleton attachements extra celluar matrix

Question 12

C

Answer 12

Cell Recognition - MHC protiens and antigens

Question 13

I

Answer 13

Intercelluar joinings, tight joinings and plasmamodesta

Question 14

E

Answer 14

Enzymatic Activity - metabolic Pathways

Question 15

Robert Hooke?

Answer 15

1655
Saw cell walls
Made the word cell

Question 16

Antoine van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 16

1670

Saw the first living cells in pond water in his lenses made microscope

Question 17

Mattias Jakob Schleiden

Answer 17

1838

Proposes all plant tissues are made of cells

Question 18

Theodor Schwann

Answer 18

Concludes that not only plant tissue, but also animal tissue are made of one or more cell.
He states cell is basic unit of all organisms

Question 19

Rudolf Virchow

Answer 19

Virchow adds the third part of e theory, cells only come from other living things

Question 20

What is wrong with large cells?

Answer 20

They have reduced surface area to volume ration making them very small