1.5 Network topologies,protocols and layers Flashcards
What does IP stand for?
Internet Protocol Address
Define Ethernet….
A set of rules for connecting a number of computer systems to form a local area network, with protocols to control the passing of information and to avoid simultaneous transmission by two or more systems.
What does CRC stand for?
Cyclic Redundancy Check
What is suplex transmission
Where data can only be sent in one direction, e.g. information being sent to a screen
What is duplex transmission?
Where data can be sent in both directions and a t the same time
What is half-duplex transmission?
A signal transmitted in both directions but one at a time.
What does LAN stand for?
Local Area Network
What does WAN stand for
Wide Area Network
How large is the area that a LAN covers?
A small geographical area, such as a house or school on a single site
How large is the area that a WAN covers?
A large geographical area, e.g. across cities or countries
Who owns the hardware for a LAN?
The organisation using it
Who owns the hardware for a WAN?
Who owns the hardware for a WAN?
What is transmission media?
Hardware that is used to carry a signal from one place to another
Give an example of transmission media
- WiFi (LANs only)
- Twisted pair cables (TPC)
- Fiber Optics
- Telephone cables
- Satellites
Give an example of transmission media
Give an example of transmission media - WiFi (LANs only) -Twisted pair cables (TPC) -Fiber Optics -Telephone cables -Satellites True or False: WANs connect separate LANs together
What is a switch?
Switches connect devices on a LAN- you connect a computer to a switch and then the switch connects to a network
What can happen if a switch stops working?
If computers rely on a network to work, the computers connected to the switch can partially or completely stop working
Give an advantage of networks
- Easily sharing files
- Share peripherals (E.G. printers)
- Communication
- Accessing files from any computer on the network
- Software update & backup centrally
Give a disadvantage of networks
- It can pose a security risk
- Malware and viruses can easily and quickly spread through networks
- If the server fails, computers may not work properly or at all
- Traffic can slow down the whole network
Define bandwidth
The amount of data that can be transmitted in a certain amount of time
What is bandwidth measured in?
Bits per Second (BPS)
Define latency
Latency is caused when there are ‘bottlenecks’ (Think how a bottleneck gets thinner- harder to move through) in the transmission, e.g. when switches are not effectively used to transmit the signal
Define error rate
How often packets of data get lost or corrupted whilst being transmitted from point A to point B
What is a data packet?
Data is split up whilst being sent over a network from point A to point B and then reassembled when it reaches its destination. One of these parts is called a packet
What can slow down/speed up a network?
- Bandwidth
- Number of users
- Transmission media (Fibre optics fastest, TPC 2nd, WiFi slowest)
- Length of transmission cables
- Latency
- Error rate
What is a peer-to-peer network model?
Each computer in one of these networks is called a ‘peer’, and each one is responsible for backing its data up, organizing its own data, and so on. Often used in household or similar LANs
What is a peer-to-peer network model?
Each computer in one of these networks is called a ‘peer’, and each one is responsible for backing its data up, organizing its own data, and so on. Often used in household or similar LANs
What is a client-server network model?
Where many different computers are connected to one central system, like at school you log into the system. This is often used by business or school LANs
