1.5 Network Topologies And Protocols

Question 1

Authentication

Answer 1

Method for confirming users’ identities often by checking if their username exist and then there subsequent password

Question 2

Encryption

Answer 2

Process of turning data from a human readable format to a non human readable format

Question 3

Firewall

Answer 3

a software or hardware used in a network to prevent external users gaining unauthorised access to the system

Question 4

MAC address

Answer 4

a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node on the network,

Question 5

Ethernet

Answer 5

A standard communication protocol used in most lans

Question 6

Ethernet work

Answer 6

data is sent in frames -> node will wait for connection to be quiet before sending -> if 2 nodes try send data at the same time they will stop and wait a random amount of time before reattempting -> faulty frames are rejected and resent

Question 7

Ethernet frame

Answer 7

source and destination address, data and crc

Question 8

TCP/IP

Answer 8

Protocol that connects computers to the internet and tells computers how to exchange information over the internet

Question 9

TCP

Answer 9

provides reliable ordered and error checked delivery of a stream of packets

Question 10

IP

Answer 10

rules used to pass packets from one host to another using the best route

Question 11

HTTP

Answer 11

the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the internet

Question 12

HTTPS

Answer 12

encrypts http traffic with ssl or tls

Question 13

SMTP

Answer 13

protocol used to send electronic mail from server to serve pr on the internet -> message is removed from mail server once received

Question 14

IMAP

Answer 14

protocol used by email clients in communicating with email servers. Leaves a copy of the message on the mail server

Question 15

FTP

Answer 15

a protocol that inclusively used for sending files from a host to a remote computer

Question 16

POP

Answer 16

a standard for retrieving email from an email server

Question 17

TCP/IP Layers

Answer 17

Application -> adds the protocol that is used
Transport -> splits data into packets and gives them order
Network -> attaches IP address of sender and recipient
Link -> attaches the MAC address of the sender and recipient

Question 18

Protocols

Answer 18

Set of communication standards that govern the transfer of data

Question 19

Packets

Answer 19

information broken down into single units of data containing the source data and destination

Question 20

Channels

Answer 20

there is 22Mhz division of a frequency band where signals can be sent

Question 21

2.4Ghz Advantages and Disadvantages

Answer 21

Slower than 5Ghz
Greater range and coverage than 5Ghz
More interference from overlapping devices on the three channels

Question 22

5Ghz advantages and disadvantages

Answer 22

Faster than 2.4Ghz
less crowded with 23 non lapping channels
Fewer devices can use 5Ghz
Less able to penetrate through walls

Question 23

Asymmetric encryption NEW

Answer 23

Two keys, a public key is known for everyone for encrypting and a private key for decrypting - also known as public key encryption

Question 24

Symmetric encryption

Answer 24

Same key used to encrypt and decrypt a message

Question 25

Star network

Answer 25

central switch with many computers connected to it -> cheaper, break means problem if switch

Question 26

Full mesh network

Answer 26

Where all computers / devises are interconnected - expensive and break does not a problem

Question 27

Partial mesh network

Answer 27

where some devices and computers are interconnected, e.g not all connected to the printer - less expensive, withstand high traffic