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C1-ATOMIC STRUCTURE > 1.5- MORE ABOUT ELECTRON ARRANGEMENTS IN ATOMS > Flashcards

1.5- MORE ABOUT ELECTRON ARRANGEMENTS IN ATOMS Flashcards

1
Q

What is different about electrons from different shells?

A

differing amounts of energy

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2
Q

What are the shells called?

A

main energy levels

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3
Q

How are the main energy levels labelled?

A

1, 2, 3 and so on

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4
Q

What is the formula for the maximum number of electrons in each main energy level?

A

2n²

n is number of main level

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5
Q

What are the main energy levels divided into?

A

sub-levels

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6
Q

What are the sub-levels called?

A

s, p, d and f

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7
Q

What is different about the sub-levels?

A

they have slightly different energies

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8
Q

Level 1 sub-level

A

s

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9
Q

Level 2 sub-level

A

s

p

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10
Q

Level 3 sub-level

A

s
p
d

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11
Q

What is used for a more complete description of the electrons in atoms?

A

theory called quantum mechanics

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12
Q

When was quantum mechanics developed?

A

during the 1920s

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13
Q

What does the quantum mechanics theory describe?

A

describes the atom mathematically with an equation

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14
Q

What does the solution to the equation from quantum mechanics give?

A

probability of finding an electron in a given volume of space called an atomic orbital

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15
Q

What is the electron considered as?

A

a cloud of negative charge

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16
Q

What does an electron fill?

A

a volume in space called its atomic orbital

17
Q

What is different about each main level of the atomic orbitals?

A

they have different shapes

18
Q

What is different due to the difference in shape?

A

in turn they have slightly different energies

19
Q

What do the shapes of the orbitals represent?

A

volume of space in which there is a 95% chance of finding an electron and influence shape of molecules

20
Q

Something about the energy of 4s and 3d

A

4s is slightly lower in energy than 3d for neutral atoms

21
Q

What property can electrons have?

A

spin

22
Q

What must two electrons in the same orbital have?

A

opposite spins

23
Q

How is writing the electronic structure simplified?

A

use the previous noble gas symbol

24
Q

Elements that don’t follow the 4s before 3d rule?

A

chromium and copper

C1-ATOMIC STRUCTURE (7 decks)

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