1.5 Legal and morals

Question 1

What is meant by personal data?

Answer 1

• Any data which can be used to identify a living person or which can be used in combination with other data to identify a living person.

Question 2

Which act concerns the malicious use of computers?

Answer 2

Th Computer Misuse Act 1990

Question 3

Which act protects people’s property online?

Answer 3

The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988

Question 4

Which act covers the use of personal data?

Answer 4

the Data Protection Act 1988

Question 5

Name two of he three primary offences under the Computer Misuse Act 1990.

Answer 5

• Unauthorised access to computer materials.
• Unauthorised access with intent to commit further offences
• Unauthorised modification of computer material.
• Supplying materials to carry out any of above offences

Question 6

Which act covers investigation and surveillance by public bodies?

Answer 6

• The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000

Question 7

Which act prevents computer programs from being copied?

Answer 7

• The copyright, designs and patents act 1988

Question 8

What name is given to an individual who can be identified by personal data?

Answer 8

• Data subject

Question 9

Give two effects on businesses of computers becoming part of the workforce.

Answer 9

• High productivity
• Lower unit costs
• Lower costs of renting
• Lower labour costs

Question 10

Give two uses of automated decision-making.

Answer 10

• Targeted feeds (social media)
• Application processes (jobs, mortgages, loans)
• Power distribution systems
• Driverless cars
• Stock trading
• Plant automation systems

Question 11

Define artificial intelligence.

Answer 11

• The ability of a computer to replicate human intelligence, cognitive ability and grasp abstract concepts

Question 12

Describe how expert systems work.

Answer 12

• Expert systems consist of a knowledge base made up of a set of facts and rules. This is used to build an inference engine which is interrogated to find diagnoses.

Question 13

Give two applications of AI.

Answer 13

• Neural networks
• Expert systems
• Voice recognition

Question 14

State two negative environmental effects of computers.

Answer 14

• Toxic e-waste contaminating water.
• E-waste in third world countries.
• Greenhouse gases from greater electricity consumption.
• Reduced biodiversity
• Impact of climate change on future generation

Question 15

Give two ways in which technology can be used to protect the environment.

Answer 15

• Smart home systems (sensors)
• Sleep and Stand-by features on devices
• Smart engine designs

Question 16

Define censorship.

Answer 16

• The act of suppressing the content that people are able to view, publish and access

Question 17

What is the Free Internet?

Answer 17

• The idea of an Internet where nothing is filtered at all, in line with the principle of freedom of speech

Question 18

How is censorship used within schools?

Answer 18

• Pupils may be prevented from accessing unsuitable material. May be used to maintain high productivity and prevent distractions.

Question 19

Give arguments for surveillance systems.

Answer 19

• Useful for social security purposes and detecting crime.

- Needed to trace and punish criminal activity

Question 20

What is the name given to the process of analysing large data sets to uncover hidden trends?

Answer 20

• Data mining

Question 21

Name three things web designers must take into account when designing a website.

Answer 21

• Colour paradigms, layout, character set