1.5 Genetic Engineering

Question 1

what is genetic engineering

Answer 1

The transfer of genetic information from one cell to another.

Question 2

what are the stages of genetic engineering

Answer 2

Stage 1: Identification of the section of DNA that contains the required gene from the source chromosome

Stage 2: Extraction of the required gene from the source chromosome using enzymes

Stage 3: Cutting open a plasmid from the bacterial cell

Stage 4: Insertion of the gene into the bacterial plasmid (called a vector) using enzymes

Stage 5: Insertion of plasmid into host bacterial cell

Stage 6: Growth of transformed cells to produce genetically modified organisms

Question 3

what are the use of enzymes in genetic engineering

Answer 3

To extract the required gene from the source chromosome in the second stage of genetic engineering, and to insert the gene into the bacterial plasmid in the fourth stage.