1.5 Flashcards
What is the mercalli scale?
a subjective system that is relative to shaking shaking varies due to quake, distances, focal point, rock type (amplification) 12 stages (I-XII I being instrumental XII being cataclysmic)
What is the moment magnitude scale?
measures size/energy released of earthquake
based on the seismic moment of earthquake
utilised in higher magnitude earthquakes
logarithmic scale
What is the richter scale?
gives a magnitude number to quantify the energy released
0-10 logarithmic scale
magnitude is determined from the logarithm of the amplitude of waves on a seismograph
built off of other scales
what is the V.E.I?
volcano explosivity index
measure explosiveness
open ended with current highest being 8 magnitude
value 0 is for non explosive eruptions
scale is logarithmic
explosiveness is based off of volume of products, eruption cloud height, qualitative observations
What is the difference between magnitude and intensity?
magnitude a measure of the size of an earthquake based on the quantity of energy released
Whereas, intensity is a measure of the size of an earthquake based on observation of the effects of the shock at the earth’s surface
What are high risk zones?
High risk zones are zones that are along the coastal countries like America and Eastern Asia like Japan. This is due to the destructive plate boundaries which uplifts the plate uplifting and upwelling water. Due to Pacific plate boundary is unstable
What is magnitude?
Magnitude measures the power and energy behind an earthquake, this is used by the Richter scale and moment magnitude scale which are both logarithmic
What is Intensity?
Intensity measures the shaking and human explanation of an earthquake. This equates to shaking of TNT explosions. This is used in the Mercalli scale
What is governance?
The sum of the many ways individual and institutions manage common affairs
What is governance made of?
Economic
Political
Administrative
What is a hazard profile?
a way of comparing the physical processes and impacts that all hazards share
What is the use of a hazard profile?
Warn the public Access another area Prepare defences Compare two areas Rank hazards
Why is easier to compare two of the same hazards in different locations?
because you have two accounts of the same event so people can fine common factors between both being the same.
What are differences between tsunami and an earthquake?
An earthquake is a lower magnitude overall to the tsunami magnitude which is higher
The duration is similar
The effect usually similar affected the spatial area but can be large
The frequency is similar as a tsunami usually follows an earthquake
Why do developed countries have better resilience?
shorter recovery and less long-term damage with less chance of death and better services
