15 Flashcards
This ventricle pumps blood to the lungs
Right
Arteries and veins arise from this of the heart
Base
Scientific name for a heart attack
Myocardial infraction
The P wave of the electrocardiogram represents this event
Atrial depolarization then followed by stole
The first heart sound (Lubbock) is caused by closure of these valves
AV
Name the parts of the pericardium
2 main parts ;
1) fibrous
2) serous
The outermost layer of the pericardium
Fibrous
The layer of the pericardium that is adjacent to the heart muscle
Visceral
When the arena are systole the ventricles are in _____.
Diastole
When the ventricles are in systole the av valves are (opened/closed).
Closed
The man in function of the heart valves
Prevent back flow of blood
The “T” wave of the ECG indicates this event
ventricular depolarization
Venous blood (w/o oxygen) from the body returns to this chamber
Right Atrium
The coronary artists take blood to this location
Heart muscle itself
Hardening of the walls or arteries from smooth muscle proliferion and cholesterol deposit
Atherosclerosis
Condition caused by reduced loos flow to the myocardium
Myocardial ischemia
Irregular heart rhythm
Arrhythmia
Opening in the septum between the atria in a fetus
Foramen ovale
Narrowing of a valve opening by scar issue
Stenosis
Different areas of the heart beating independently
Fibrillation
Narrowing of the coronary artieries reducing blood flow to the heart; has a number of causes and is the leading cause of death in the U.S
(CAD) coronary artery diease
The term “epicardium” refers to this structure
Outermost layer of the heart wall
Circulation of blood through the heart muscle is supplied by the ___ circulation
Coronary
Cardio muscle is know as____.
Myocardium
Chamber with the thickest wall of the heart
Left ventricles
The heartbeat originates in this mass of tissues
SA node
Structure whose job is sequence the ventricular contractions with the atrial contractions
AV node
The electrical conduction system in the outer walls of the ventricles
Conduction myofiber (Purkinje fibers)
Location of the S-A node of the heart
Right Atrium
The QRS spike represents this event
Ventricle contraction
The second heart sound (dupp) is caused by this
SL valves closing
Heart rate is monitored and regulated by this structure
Cardiovascular center of medulla
This nerve decrease heart rate
Vagus (CN X)
The heart speeds up when we stand up quickly due to receptors here that detect blood pressure changes
Carotid artery
Explain the contractions of the chambers in the cardiac cycle
Atria contract that the ventricles contract
Coronary arteries branch off from ____.
Aorta
The action of ____ causes audible heart sounds
Valves
What causes heart murmurs
Incomplete closing of a valve
The period of relaxation in the cardiac cycle
Diastole
A hear is stretched just before contraction will contract stronger according to this law
Frank - starling
The contraction phase of the heart
Stystole
The “good” chemicals that take cholesterol to the liver are
High- density (HOL’s) (lipoprotein)
What cause the semilunar valves to close
Pressure in the ventricles is dropping
The volume of blood ejected from by each ventricle with one contraction of the heart
Stroke volume (70 ml)
The term describing heart chamber contraction is _____.
Systole
Name several chemicals which would act to slow the heart rate
Increased levels of K+ or Na+
The term describing heart chamber relaxation is _____.
Diastole
Chest pain caused from ischemia
Angina pectoris
Inflammation of the heart covering
Pericarditis
The amount of blood ejected by each ventricle each minute
Cardiac output
