15-21 Randomized Questions Flashcards
1
Q
It is natural for weeds to fill empty niches in cropping systems.
A
True
2
Q
Weeds can be classified by the environments by which they grow.
A
True
3
Q
Crop plants are never weeds.
A
False
4
Q
Biennial weeds flower in the first year.
A
False
5
Q
Most dicots are easier to kill than monocots.
A
True
6
Q
A weed must be alive in order to demonstrate allelopathic traits.
A
False
7
Q
Over 95% of the corn and cotton crops are treated with herbicides.
A
True
8
Q
Weeds can interfere with harvesting equipment
A
True
9
Q
Weed seed tends to be bigger than crop seed.
A
False
10
Q
Animals do not have a significant role in weed dispersal.
A
False
11
Q
Insecticides are used more than any other pesticide,
A
False
12
Q
It is a violation of federal law in a manner inconsistent with its labeling
A
True
13
Q
Selective herbicides affect almost all plants
A
False
14
Q
Different crop species select for different weed species
A
True
15
Q
A disadvantage for biological control is the possibility of affecting non target species
A
True
16
Q
Tillage is an effective strategy of weed control regardless of species
A
False
17
Q
The main concern with atrazine is leeching and accumulation in surface and ground water
A
True
18
Q
Management of plant disease depends on whether the disease is biotic or abioitc
A
True
19
Q
The life cycle of a fungus can involve only one type of spore
A
False
20
Q
Mycelium is a symptom of fungal disease
A
True/False
21
Q
Scab is more likely to be a problem in dry/cool areas
A
False
22
Q
Smut can overwinter in soil plant debris and seed
A
True
23
Q
Most fungal agents that cause post harvest diseases are introduced to the affected seed
A
False
24
Q
Bacterial wilt of alfalfa is less an issue today because of resistant varieties
A
True
25
Plant pathogenic viruses are generally composed of Dna enclosed in a protein case
False
26
Viruses can enter the plant through the stomata
False
27
Fungi can transmit viruses to a plant
True
28
A method to control viral diseases is the use of pesticides
False
29
Insect that damage plants all have mouthparts that pierce
False
30
Many batericides are copper based
True
31
Contact insecticides, once absorbed by the insect, attack the nervous and respiratory systems
True
32
UG99 stem rust has the potential to threaten 20% of the worlds food supply
True
33
A bushel of corn or soybean weighs 60 lbs.
False
34
Seeds at psychological maturity are dry enough for storage
False
35
Generally when soybeans are harvested, the leaves have fallen off the plant
True
36
After combining, grain is clean of residue
False
37
Above optimum moisture levels in seeds increase the rate of respiration
True
38
Grain storage always improves grain quality
False
39
The decision to dry grain crops artificially vs naturally can be dependent on energy
True
40
Harvest forages generally contain mature seed
False
41
Silage yields are usually up to 50% higher per acre than hay yields
True
42
High cell wall content is associated with increased intake and digestibility
False
43
Many modern beef and dairy operation rely more on stored grains than on grazing
True
44
The process of fermentation during silage production turns lactic acid into glucose
False
45
Cotton is mature when the bowels begin to close
False
46
Sugar content is the most important quality for sugar beets
False
47
Potato size is the main determinate in harvesting
True
48
Organic producers are allowed to use GMOs
False
49
Organic agriculture promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles, and environment
True
50
About 10 % of cropland in the US is certified organic
False
51
Organic farmers are inspected by governmental agencies for certification
True
52
Organic food tends to be more expensive
True
53
The term 'natural' on a label is equivalent to organic
False
54
The term 'local' is regulated by the USDA
False
55
An example of a cultural weed method is tillage
False
56
One disadvantage to delayed planting is potentially lower yields
True
57
Organic farmers choose either cultural or mechanical weed control to manage their weeds
False
58
For organic crops that are used for human consumption raw manure can be applied at any growing season
False
59
Corn cannot persist without human cultivation
True
60
Some corn hybrids are adapted to grow in places with a growing season as short as 70 days
True
61
Flour corn is more resistant to fungi and insects than is flint corn
False
62
Most corn grown today is hybrid corn
True
63
Wheat is adapted to warm tropical climates
False
64
Soft wheat has a greater protein content compared to hard wheat
False
65
Rice is a primary grain crop for over 50 percent of the world's population
True
66
Rice is very productive when grows under drier conditions
True
67
Rice is very productive when grown under drier conditions
False
68
Wild rice is commonly used as a livestock feed.
False
69
Barley can be used as a substitute for wheat in making raised bread
False
70
Oats are still valued as a feed for horses
True
71
Sorghum ranks fourth in importance world wide as a human food crop after corn, rice, and wheat
True
72
Rice in most of the world is cultivated using highly mechanized techniques
True
73
Sweet sorghum is being investigated as an alternative biofuel
False
74
The first use of soybeans in NA was as a grain crop
False
75
The largest producer of soybeans in the world is the US
True
76
The seed of cultivated soybean is always yellow in colorq
False
77
Determinate soybean varieties are generally grown in the southern states
False
78
Soybeans do not require nitrogen fertilizer
True
79
Peanuts are best adapted to temperature regions
False
80
Alfalfa can have taproots as deep as 20 feet
True
81
Seed production of alfalfa is primarily in Cali and other western states
True
82
Sweet clover was once commonly used as a nitrogen source
True
83
Vetches are commonly grown in tropical regions as green manure crops
False
84
Benefits of using native legumes agronomically include natural adaptation and increase yields
True
85
Most of the field pea production in the US is used as dried peas for soup or ...
True
86
Crimson clover is adapted to hot and dry conditions
False
87
Other plant families besides the grass and legume families can have crops of economic value
True
88
Potatoes grow best in heavy clay soils
False
89
Tobacco crops are generally not allowed to flower and produce seed
True
90
The use of tobacco in its many forms can cause many health problems
True
91
Sweet poatatoes can be grown as perennials in tropical areas
True
92
True yams have modified roots like sweet potatoes
True
93
Sugar beets contain 50 % sugar at harvest
False
94
Sugar can is the source of 50 % of the world production of sugar
True
95
The fiber from cotton is always white
False
96
Russian scientists are responsible for breeding for large heads and high seed production in lettuce
True
97
Tobacco growers take action to promote flowering when growing tobacco
False
98
Opium poppy is a source for legal and illegal drugs
True
99
A plant can be classified as a weed if it:
A. Causes economic loss to a crop
B. Is harmful to Humans and livestock
C. Is detrimental to wildlife or ecosystems
D. All the above
D. All the above
100
Weeds that are especially injurious are classified by the government as
Noxious
101
The long term persistence of a certain annual weed species is most likely due to
High seed production
102
A weed that reproduces asexually is most likely
A perennial
103
Milk sickness is caused by animal consumption of
White snakeroot
104
The first offense against weeds is
Prevention of establishment
105
Which agency of the USDA is responsible for preventing the introduction of noxious weeds
APHIS
106
Which agency is responsible for approving new herbicides
EPA
107
When were genetically engineered crops first introduced?
1996
108
Which type of ingredients are added to a herbicide formulation to facilitate application and increase activity
Inert
109
LD 50 is the measure of
toxicity
110
Mode of action for glyphosate is
amino acid synthesis inhibitor
111
The mode of action for 2,4-D is
Growth Regulator
112
Mode of action for atrazine is
Photosynthesis inhibitor
113
Which type of herbicide is applied to foliage
Contact
114
Which type of herbicide would be most useful on an established perennial weed
Systemic
115
Which would not be an appropriate strategy to prevent herbicide resistance
Using extra herbicide
116
Grassy weeds would be easiest to control in which crop
Soybean
117
The visual response by the plant to the pathogen is
A symptom
118
Which of the following is not an abiotic disease factor
Parasitic plant
119
Which of the following organisms reproduced by spores
Fungus
120
Rust diseases caused by which group of fungi
basidiomycetes
121
Stem rust can have up to how may different spore stages?
5
122
Damping of affects which growth stage
seedling
123
The disease associated with the Salem witch trials is
Ergot
124
Leaf spots due to bacteria tend to be
Angular
125
Bacterial wilts occur when the bacteria invade the
Vascular System
126
Common and halo high affect which crop species
Beans
127
Vein clearing is a symptom common in
Viral Diseases
128
Which plant family does tobacco mosaic virus primarily infect?
Potato Family
129
Aster yellows is caused by which group of organisms?
Mycoplasma- like organisms
130
Nematodes are a type of
Roundworm
131
The best strategy for nematode control is
Crop Rotation
132
The soybean cyst nematode causes damage by
Feeding on roots
133
The corn earworm feeds on what part of the corn
Kernels
134
The potential biocontrol being evaluated for use on soybean aphid is
Binodoxys Communis
135
Corn is typically harvested at moisture levels of
25%
136
Soybean is typically harvested at grain moisutre levels of
13%
137
Swathing would most likely be a part of harvesting for which crop
Oats
138
Manual harvesting of grains was first replaced by whihc machine
The reaper
139
The minimum temperature for storage fungi growth
40 degrees F
140
The most frequent cause of loss during grain storage is
Fungi
141
The loss of forage nutrients during harvest frequently can be up to
25%
142
Forage feeding value is described as
Forage Quality
143
Thorns would be categorized as
Anti Quality Factors
144
As the crop matures from vegetative to Flowering stages, which ofthe following occurs?
Forage yield increases, and quality decreases
145
The stalking rate is
Animals of Pasture/ Acre
146
The leading hay crop in the US is
Alfalfa
147
Drying hay in the field takes about
1-5 Days
148
What is the most important determinate of quality in a tobacco crop
Nicotine Content
149
Which of the following is allowed in organic ag
Compost
150
For how many years must land be without prohibited materials to be certified organic
3 years
151
How often are certified organic farms inspected
1x a year
152
In terms of organic sales what are the two largest categories
Fruits/ Veggies and Dairy
153
The federal program that regualates organic ag in the US is called
The National Organic Program
154
The term 'local' is defined by congress as 'food grown not further than' what distance?
400 miles
155
Yields in organic agriculture as compared to conventional agriculture tend to be
Equivalent
156
Which is considered to be one of the biggest challenges in organic production
Weed control
157
A vigorously growing crop that is used to suppress weeds is
Smother crop
158
PRimary tillage can be performed with which of the following
Moldboard plow
159
Secondary tillage can be performed with
Harrow
160
Which of the following weed control operations has the most potential to damage crops
broadcast operations
161
based on acreage and economic value, which crop is most important in the US
Corn
162
On a corn plant, the male flowers are called
The tassel
163
Which is the most widely grown corn type
Dent
164
Which of the following corn types has very little starch?
Sweet
165
The leading use of corn is
as livestock feed
166
Which of the following is known as the staff of life
Wheat
167
the number of tillers on a wheat plant typically ranges from
3-5
168
hich type of flower is made by grinding the entire wheat grain
whole wheat flower
169
which of the following is used as a cereal grain but is actually a member of the Poaceae Family
Buckwheat
170
Wild rice is a
Cool season annual plant
171
the two leading states for commercial wild rice production are
Cali and Minnesota
172
Which of the following grains is known for the cholesterol lowering capability
Oats
173
Grain Sorghum is grown primarily in which two states
Texas and Kansas
174
Which of the following is commonly used as a winter cover crop
Rye
175
Which of the following grains is adapted to high altitudes
quinoa
176
Which of the following is a native grass with potential usage as a biofuel
Switchgrass
177
Tall fesque toxosis is due to
fungus and tall fesque
178
how many maturity groups do soybeans have
13
179
which of the following would be classified as a field bean
kidney bean
180
field beans are native to
The Americas
181
Field beans need to be cooked becasue
the protein will be unavailable
182
Peanuts are native to
South America
183
whcih of the following is not generally used as a grain legume
alfalfa
184
up to how many times can alfalfa be harvested in a season
5 times
185
which of the following is sown on more acres in the US
red clover
186
which of the following has stolons
white colver
187
for which of the following is birdsfoot trefoil most suited
pasture
188
how much of the peanut crop produced in the united states is consumed as peanuts
50 percent
189
which of the following is not a typical type for field pea
brown
190
white potatoes originated in
South America
191
Which of the following crops is not in the nightshade family
sweet potato
192
the leading producer of sweet potatoes is
asia
193
tapioca is made of
cassava
194
which of the following is a native of North America
Jerusalem artichoke
195
Taro is grown for which plant part?
corms
196
Cassava is which of the following
Perennial woody shrub
197
Seeds are produced in sugar beet in the
second year
198
plantains are which type of crop?
Starch crop
199
Opium poppy is grown for which plant parts
sap and seeds
200
Sugar cane is native to which of the following regions?
The South Pacific and India
201
The leading fiber crop in the world is
cotton
202
Where are the fibers of cotton found?
attached to the seeds
203
Where are the fibers of the flax found
in the stem
204
the cloth produced from flax is
linen
205
flax is which of the following
cool season annual
206
which of the following is NOT used as a fiber crop
sunflower
207
which of the following is NOT an oil crop?
cotton
208
Canola is which of the following
a cool season annaul
