15/16 Science Ch. 4 Test - Periodic Table Cards Flashcards
What are the physical properties of metals?
They are ductile, lusterous, malleable, very dense, good conductors of heat and electricity, very hard, magnetic, and have a high melting point
What are the physical properties of nonmetals?
They are brittle, no luster (dull), poor conductors
What is malleability?
The ability to be hammered into sheets or shapes
What is the most reactive family of metals?
The Alkali Metals (Group One)
What does atomic mass tell about an atom?
Number of protons and neutrons
What do the groups/families in the periodic table have in common?
They have same number of valence electrons
How many periods are in the periodic table?
Seven
What do the periods on the periodic table have in common?
The same number of electron shells
What are the names of the groups of the periodic table?
Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, borons, carbons, nitrogens, oxygens, halogens and noble gases
What does an atomic number tell?
An atomic number tells the number of protons, which is the same as the number of electrons
Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?
To the upper right
Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?
Along the zigzag line
Describe the physical and chemical properties of the alkali metals
Soft, highly reactive, shiny, lusterous
What happens to the charge on a metal atom when it loses an electron?
The charge becomes positive
How many valence electrons are in each group of atoms?
Group 1: 1, Group 2: 2, Group 13: 3, Group 14: 4, Group 15: 5, Group 16: 6, Group 17: 7, Group 18: 8
Mystery element: Has 3 electron orbits and 7 valence electrons. What is the name of this element?
Chlorine
Mystery element: Has 4 electron orbits and 3 valence electrons. What is the name of this element?
Gallium
What is the key strategy to determining the number of elements in a chemical compound?
Remember that each capital letter is a different element. (ex., CaCO(subscript)4 has 3)
Determine the number of ATOMS in this molecule: CaCO(subscript)4
6 Atoms (Number after element shows 4 of the same element, 2 before, adding up to six)
Be able to tell what atom an element will join with to make a STABLE compound!
Each element wants full valence, 8 in seconds, 2 in first, whichever applies.
What is luster?
Shininess
What is brittleness?
Shatters or breaks easily
What is family based on?
Valence electrons
What do lewis dot configurations show?
Valence electrons
What is a radioactive atom or radioactivity?
An unstable atom decays to become stable. Consequently, it throws of energy during the process. It is the NEUTRONS that decay.
What are valence electrons?
Outer shell electrons
What is half-life?
The amount of time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay and become stable.
What were the three thing Marie Curie excelled at?
Patience, isolating variables, effort and perseverance. She discovered the two elements polonium and radium, and won the Nobel Prize in both chemistry and physics.
