15,16,17 Flashcards
What percent of oil reserves in u.s
2.9%
What is petroleum(crude oil)?
A gooey liquid consisting primarily of HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS
What amount of electricity does u.s get from nuclear fuel ?
20%
What amount of electricity does u.s get from burning coal?
50%!!!
The amount of oil reserves in Canada
15
Amount OPEC oil controls
78% organization of petroleum exporting countries , long term control of oil
What is net energy
The amount of high quality usable energy available from a resource after subtracting the energy needed to make it available .
What is bitumen and where is it found
A high sulfur heavy oil found in tar sand in Canada and Russia
Natural gas consists of 50-90% of ?
Methane
Burning coal realese a trace amounts of toxic ?
Mercury
High heat content and low sulfur what’s the most desirable coal
Anthracite
Runoff from mines carry?
Sulfuric acid
What do divergent plate boundaries do?
The plates move apart create ocean ridges
What do convergent plates do
Grind into each other forming trenches
Transform plates ?
Slide past one another
When did oil reach a peak what did Hubbert think
1974, he thought 1970
Disadvantages and advantages of usin oil
Adv: ample supply , low cost, high net energy , easily transported .
Dis: need a substitute pollution waste co2 released
Bitumen has high?
Sulfur
Primary use of coal
To produce electricity and steel u.s and Saudi Arabia
Synfuel?
Coal to liquid like gasoline
What is a dirty bomb ?
Consists of explosive dynamite and radioactive material
Who has largest supply of coal
We do . It releases mercury , gets descended in winds acid rain speeds it up. It’s in fish! Biggest plant is Indiana
Fuels to make electricity
50 percent coal 20percent nuclear 17 natural 10 renewable 3 oil
Earth layers?
Inner core outer core mantle(mesosphere rigid, lithosphere upper and by crust) asthenosphere fluid rock) then crust .
Types of weathering
Physical- freeze thaw
Chemical- acid rain
Biological - lichens
What does minin effect ?
Destroys land pollutes water acid mind damage releases toxins
Cyanide heat extraction ?
Cheap way to release gold it’s very toxic
Depletion time?
Time it takes 80 percent of mineral reserve
Finding nonrenewable materials types ?
Open pit-dig hole Dredging- draglines Area strip- shovel digs a cut layers Contour- hilly bunches of cuts Surface mining - digging real far among a shaft
What is acid mine damage ?
Occurs when water intersects with mining spoils left from coal mining.
It produces iron precipitate sulfate and sulfuric acid. Fe - oxidizes. Low ph . Metals in water toxic it can block sunlight and settle hurts animals
Energy data ?
82%commercial
76%fossil
6% nuclear
18%renewable
Ring of fire what plate ? Hot spot?
Pacific plate left of America . Hawaii is a hot spot it’s above a plume magma breaks thru cracks
What is cogeneration ?
A system with two useful forms of energy are produced from the same fuel source
