1.5/1.6

Question 1

2 types of system software?

Answer 1

operating software = provides a platform which users can run programs
utility software= used to maintain the computer system

Question 2

types of user interface?

Answer 2

graphical user interference
command line
natural language

Question 3

user interface?

Answer 3

the means which a user can interact and exchange info with the computer.

Question 4

command line interface?

Answer 4

an environment where the computer is controlled by typing text commands using a keyboard.
- cannot display graphics, only text.
- CLIs use less system resource than graphical interfaces but are less intuitive

Question 5

graphical user interface?

Answer 5

are more modern environments that use graphics and animations to work in.
- usually based on the window-icon-menu pointer diagram
- easier to use, more attractive but require more system resources.

Question 6

natural language?

Answer 6

uses voice recognition to interact with the users.

Question 7

multitasking in operating system?

Answer 7

running multiple applications at the same time by giving each application a small time- slice of processor time.

this allows more than one program to be held in memory at a time and data shared between them such as copy and paste.

it also enables you to listen to music on your pc at the same time as word processing

Question 8

multitasking in operating system?

Answer 8

running multiple applications at the same time by giving each application a small time- slice of processor time.

this allows more than one program to be held in memory at a time and data shared between them such as copy and paste.

it also enables you to listen to music on your pc at the same time as word processing

Question 9

memory management in operating system?

Answer 9

when programs are loaded, the operating systems decide where they are held in memory.
over time the memory becomes fragmented as programs are loaded and closed because they use different amounts of memory.
the operating system must keep track of different programs fragments.
when the memory is full, the operating system uses virtual memory

Question 10

peripheral management/device drivers in operating system?

Answer 10

translate operating system instructions into commands that the hardware will understand.

each peripheral needs a device driver

many are already built into the operating system

Question 11

user management in the operating system?

Answer 11

the OS has to manage the accounts of different users, including authenticating users and controlling permissions.

• providing for different users to log into a computer
• operating system will retain settings for each user such as icons desktop
• each user may have different access rights to file and programs
• client server network may imposed a fixed memory or roaming profile for a user and manage login requests to the network.

Question 12

file management in the operating system?

Answer 12

the OS manages the different documents and executable programs stored in secondary storage

• data is stored in files
• an extension to the filename tells the operating system which application to load the file into.
• the operating system may present a logical structure of files into folders and allow the user to rename, delete , copy and move files

Question 13

utilities?

Answer 13

small programs that perform specific maintenance.

Question 14

encryption software?

Answer 14

software that encrypts (and decrypts) files on a storage device and data packets over a network to prevent unauthorised access

Question 15

defragmentation software?

Answer 15

physically organising the files on a storage device into the smallest number of fragments to improve performance.

• this reduces the movement of read/write head across the surface of the disk which speeds up file access
• solid state drive should not be defragmented
• it is unnecessary as they have no moving parts
• also reduces their life spam

Question 16

data compression software?

Answer 16

compression utilities reduce the size of a file so that it takes up less space and is quicker to download over the internet.

• compression file must be extracted before they can read
• depending on the algorithm used data is either lost or reducing the quality of an image or sound e.g jpeg

Question 17

ethics?

Answer 17

whether something is morally right or wrong

Question 18

should the internet be regulated? (yes)

Answer 18

internet is no different to other medias; radios
children should be better protected
internet has harmful offensive and illegal content.

Question 19

should the internet be regulated (no)

Answer 19

freedom of expression is an absolute right.
parents should take more responsibility.
internet grows quickly for filtering to be effective.

Question 20

should smart devices be continually recording? (for)

Answer 20

data encryption makes it private
can assist disable users
if you have nothing to hide then privacy is not an issue

Question 21

should smart devices be continually recording? (for)

Answer 21

data encryption makes it private
can assist disable users
if you have nothing to hide then privacy is not an issue

Question 22

should smart devices be continually recording (against)

Answer 22

invasion of privacy
data is sent over the internet for processing
tv may also be taking video footage

Question 23

privacy issues of computer science:

Answer 23

face recognition
cell phone location and gps technology
smart listening data

Question 24

restricting access to the internet and youtube

Answer 24

preventing criticism of a ruler , government or religion
preventing violence of national law
preventing violations of hate speech, ethics or morality based laws

Question 25

cultural issues:

Answer 25

The pace of technological change and the effect on society.
cultural influences of developers on software.
digital divide and unequal access to the internet.

Question 26

energy consumption of computing technology?

Answer 26

2% of global energy consumption is used by data centres

Question 27

disposal of computing technologies

Answer 27

harmful materials include:
dioxins
chromium
mercury
cadmium
radioactive sources

computing technology is often shipped to countries with lower standards for disposal.

people trawl through waste looking for metals to be recycled and sold , exposing themselves to danger.

Question 28

impacts on digital technology to customers

Answer 28

no need to travel to bank
can access the bank 24/7
potentially opening to hacking

Question 29

impacts on digital technology to bank staff

Answer 29

may lose jobs due to closure of the branch
new types of jobs created
skill-set working

Question 30

impacts on digital technology to bank as companies

Answer 30

targeted marketing on customers
responsibility for data protection
less overhead; staff , utility bills , rent etc

Question 31

impact on digital technology to local communities

Answer 31

small businesses rely on local service
other local shops may suffer less revenue as there are less people
elderly and vulnerable customers in particular value local services.

Question 32

preparing for exams:

Answer 32

remember some keyholders:
customers
staff at the company
company directors/shareholders
local communities

remember some key impacts:
increase profits
increased production
loss of jobs
less overheads
less personal service
24/7 access

Question 33

what is the data protection act 2018?

Answer 33

law that sets out 7 key principles that should be central to processing personal data:
- lawfulness, fairness and transparency
- purpose limitation
- data minimisation
- accuracy
- storage limitation
- security
- accountability

Question 34

what is the data protection act 2018?

Answer 34

law that sets out 7 key principles that should be central to processing personal data:
- lawfulness, fairness and transparency
- purpose limitation
- data minimisation
- accuracy
- storage limitation
- security
- accountability

Question 35

what is the computer misuse act 1990?

Answer 35

it is illegal to make any unauthorised access to data
…. with the intent to commit further access
…. with the intent to modify data

Question 36

what does open source software mean?

Answer 36

the source code for the program is made available so that people can edit and distribute the code.

Question 37

what does open source software mean?

Answer 37

the source code for the program is made available so that people can edit and distribute the code.

Question 38

features of an open source?

Answer 38

users can modify and distribute the software.
can be installed on any number of computers.
support provided by the community.
users have access to the source data.
may not be fully tested.

Question 39

what does a proprietary source mean?

Answer 39

the source code is kept secure and is not included when you buy the program. this can stop people changing the code or stealing a companies intellectual property.

Question 40

features of a proprietary source

Answer 40

users cannot modify the software. protected by copyright design and potential acts.

usually paid for and licensed per user/per computer.

supported by developers

users do not have access to source code

tested by developers prior to release. although they may run beta programmes