1.4and1.5

Question 1

Transpiration

Answer 1

the loss of water vapour from a plant through its leavesh

Question 2

humidity

Answer 2

the atmosphere’s moisture content

Question 3

biogeochemical cycle

Answer 3

a diagram representing the movement of elements and compounds between living and non-living components of an ecosystem

Question 4

photosynthesis

Answer 4

the process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

Question 5

cellular respiration

Answer 5

the process by which cells convert the chemical energy stored in sugars into energy that the cells can use

Question 6

carbon sink

Answer 6

a system that removes more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than it releases into the atmosphere

Question 7

peat

Answer 7

deep layers of mosses and plant remains unable to completely decompose due to the lack of oxygen in water saturated soil

Question 8

ozone

Answer 8

a molecule comprised of three atoms of oxygen O3

Question 9

nitrogen fixation

Answer 9

the process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia

Question 10

nitrifying bacteria

Answer 10

a type of soil bacteria that converts ammonia into nitrates and nitrites

Question 11

nitrification

Answer 11

the process of converting ammonia into nitrates or nitrites

Question 12

denitrifying bacteria

Answer 12

a type of soil bacteria that converts nitrates in soil into nitrogen gas, releasing this gas to the atmosphere

Question 13

denitrification