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History: A-Level > 1485 England > Flashcards

1485 England Flashcards

1
Q

Enclosure

A

The fencing off of land from open fields with the ending of all common rights over it

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2
Q

Customs duties

A

Money paid on goods entering or leaving the country. Money came from tunnage (taxes on exports) and poundage (taxes on imports

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3
Q

Tunnage

A

Taxes on exports

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4
Q

Poundage

A

Taxes on imports

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5
Q

Primogeniture

A

The eldest son or nearest male relative inherited everything

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6
Q

Common land

A

Land where all villagers had the right to graze their animals

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7
Q

Where was enclosure especially popular?

A

The Midlands

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8
Q

What was the population of England in 1485?

A

3 million

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9
Q

What % of people lived in rural communities in 1485?

A

90%

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10
Q

What was the population of Norwich?

A

12,000

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11
Q

How many residents lived in London

A

60,000

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12
Q

Arable Farming

A

Labour-intensive farming which produced crops using basic tools, including ploughs

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13
Q

Engrossing

A

Joining together of several farms to make one unit, through the process of one farmer buying the land of the others

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14
Q

What was England’s main industry in 1485?

A

Cloth

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15
Q

What % of England’s exports were cloth?

A

80%

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16
Q

Journeymen

A

Men who travelled, hiring out their skills in the wool industry, to make a living

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17
Q

Merchant adventurers

A

Controlled the exportation and trade in England

18
Q

How many nobles were there at the time?

A

50

19
Q

How many household members did the Duke of Northumberland have in 1503?

A

187

20
Q

How many ordained clergy where there?

A

35,000

21
Q

How many monks and nuns were there?

A

10,000

22
Q

What was the Papal Curia

A

Court of Law controlled by the Papacy that also acted as a court of appeal

23
Q

7 Sacraments

A 
The Eucharist
Baptism
Holy Orders
Confirmation
Marriage
Confession
Unction
24
Q

Stipend

A

Payment received by a priest for his role in a parish

25
Q

Give 4 types of church corruption in the mid-late 1800s

A

Absenteeism
Pluralism
Immoral priests
Uneducated priests

26
Q

Absenteeism

A

Clergy that were absent from their parishes, yet still claimed the stipend

27
Q

Pluralism

A

Clergy that claimed stipend from several parishes

28
Q

What was the political role of bishops and abbots?

A

They say in the House of Lords

29
Q

How much of the land did the Catholic Church own?

A

1/3

30
Q

How many endowed schools were set up in the 15th century

A

Over 100

31
Q

Who was Erasmus?

A

A Dutch humanist scholar

32
Q

Renaissance

A

A rebirth of learning and the arts, which encouraged writers and artists to become part of what the called the spirit of new learning

33
Q

Papal dispensation

A

The written permission of the Pope enabling a ruling monarch to marry or divorce

34
Q

Council

A

Ruling council of the King, mainly composed of his most influential nobles and gentry

35
Q

Who had claims to Henry VII’s throne?

A

Edward, Earl of Warwick

John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln

36
Q

What did Henry do to decrease the potential threat from the Earl of Surrey?

A

Kept him in prison until 1489

37
Q

What did Henry do to reduce the potential threat from the Duke of Northumberland?

A

Put him in prison until the end of 1485, then let him resume his position of ruler of the North

38
Q

What did Henry demand from Viscount Beaumont?

A

A promise to be loyal in writing that carried a fine

39
Q

How did Henry keep the Earl of Westmorland st bay?

A

Held his heir at court

40
Q

What did Henry do to reduce the threat of the Earl of Warwick?

A

Sent him to the tower

41
Q

How did Henry deal with the threat from John de la Pole and his father, the Duke of Suffolk?

A

Got them to profess their loyalty. Invited Lincoln to court

History: A-Level (6 decks)

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