Lesson 7

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

science of naming and organizing organisms into related groups
Carl Linnaeus made it

Question 2

binomial name

Answer 2

Linnaeus system
Consists of genus name (generic) and specific epithet. Italicized.
eg) Tyrannosaurus rex
genus -> epithet
capitalized -> uncapitalized

Question 3

Genus

Answer 3

Can be different species but belong to the same one.

If shared – Similar in overall form.

Question 4

Specific Epithets

Answer 4

May be shared by many organisms regardless of closeness in relation.

Question 5

Rule of Priority

Answer 5

Once a species is officially given binomial name it STAYS the same.

The name must be unique too
1. Rule of priority
2. Biologist writes unique characteristics and description of species
3. Peer review until reasonable

Question 6

Holotype Specimen

Answer 6

Physical example of the new species
- must be kept in research institution so scientists cant study /verify it
- does not have to be complete

Question 7

Hesperonchyus elizabethae

Answer 7

a small Dromaeousaurid theropod holotype specimen.
- Partial pelvis with several unique feathers
- Adult– ilium pubis fused
– SPlit in shelf of ilium

Question 8

Interspecific variation

Answer 8

Differ in morphology bc they belong to different species

Question 9

Intraspecific variation

Answer 9

Animals belonging to same species but have different morphologies

Question 10

Sexual Variation (Dimorphism)

Answer 10

Males and females of same species look different

Question 11

Ontogenetic Variation

Answer 11

Variation between old and young individuals of same species

Question 12

Individual Variation

Answer 12

Normal variation that exists among same-species individuals

Question 13

Taphonomic Variation

Answer 13

Taphanomic processes that can change bone shape
eg) plastic deformation

Question 14

Biological species concept
What is the problem?

Answer 14

Defines species:
Group of organisms that can successfully interbeed.

Problem: Can’t apply to asexual reproducers or extinct species (because you can’t verify how they bred)

Question 15

Population

Answer 15

Any grouping (species) of organisms that live in same geographic area and interbreed.
- One or more populations can make up a single species.

Question 16

Morphological species concept
What is the problem?

Answer 16

Defines species:
Group of organisms that share certain degree of physical similarity.
- used by paleontologists
- based on fossil specimens

Problem: Sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic change can make it tricky to apply (esp. w/ incomplete fossils)

Question 17

Lumpers

Answer 17

Paleontologists who require more differences b4 they consider two species to be distinct
picky ass mfs

Question 18

Splitters

Answer 18

Paleontologists who require fewer differences before they consider two species to be distinct
loose ass mfs