14.2 The reactivity series

Question 1

Reactivity series

Answer 1

metals are arranged from most reactive to least reactive

Question 2

How is the order of reactivity of metals determined?

Answer 2

• reaction of metals with cold water or steam

- reaction of metals with dilute hydrochloric acid

Question 3

General equation of reaction with cold water

Answer 3

metal + water —-> Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 4

General equation of reaction with steam

Answer 4

metal + water —-> metal oxide + hydrogen

Question 5

Order of reactivity series

Answer 5

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• potassium (K)
• sodium (Na)
• calcium (Ca)
• magnesium (Mg)
• zinc (Zn)
• iron (Fe)
• lead (Pb)
• hydrogen (H)
• copper (Cu)
• silver (Ag)

Question 6

Potassium (reaction with cold water)

Answer 6

• reacts very violently
• highly exothermic
• hydrogen gas explodes with lilac flame
• 2K (s) + 2H2O (l) —-> 2KOH (aq) +H2 (g)

Question 7

Sodium (reaction with cold water)

Answer 7

• reacts violently
• highly exothermic
• hydrogen burns with yellow flame
• 2Na (s) + 2H2O —-> 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 8

Calcium (reaction with cold water)

Answer 8

• reacts readily

- Ca (s) + 2H2O(l) —> Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 9

Magnesium (reaction with cold water)

Answer 9

• reacts very slowly

- Mg (s) + 2H2O (l) —> Mg(OH)2 (aq) +H2(g)

Question 10

Zinc, Iron, lead, copper silver (reaction with cold water)

Answer 10

• no reaction

Question 11

Magnesium (Reaction with steam)

Answer 11

• reacts violently to produce white glow

- Mg (s) + H2O (g) —> MgO (s) + H2 (g)

Question 12

Zinc (reaction with steam)

Answer 12

• reacts readily
• zinc oxide formed is yellow (hot), white (cold)
• Zn (s) + H2O (g) —> ZnO (s) + H2 (g)

Question 13

Iron (reaction with steam)

Answer 13

• reacts slowly

- 3Fe (s) + 4H2O (g) —> Fe3O4 + 4H2(g)

Question 14

Lead, copper, silver (reaction with steam)

Answer 14

no reaction

Question 15

General equation of reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid

Answer 15

metal + dilute hydrochloric acid —> metal chloride (aq) + hydrogen (g)

Question 16

Potassium
Sodium
(reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid)

Answer 16

• react explosively
• 2K (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> 2KCl (aq) + H2 (g)
• 2Na (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> 2NaCl (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 17

Calcium (reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid)

Answer 17

• react violently

- Ca (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> CaCl2 (aq) + H2

Question 18

Magnesium (reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid)

Answer 18

• react rapidly

- Mg (s) + 2HCl —> MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 19

Zinc (reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid)

Answer 19

• reacts moderately fast

- Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 20

Iron (reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid)

Answer 20

• reacts slowly

- Fe (s) + 2HCl (aq) —> FeCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 21

Lead, copper, silver (reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid)

Answer 21

-no reaction