1.4.1-causes of food poinsoning Flashcards
What is a food allergy?
A food allergy occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies a harmless food protein as a harmful substance, triggering an allergic reaction.
Name three common food allergens.
Peanuts, shellfish, and milk are three common food allergens.
What is the difference between food allergies and food intolerances?
Food allergies involve an immune system response, while food intolerances usually involve the digestive system and do not trigger an immune reaction.
What is lactose intolerance?
Lactose intolerance is a condition where the body cannot properly digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products, leading to digestive issues.
What are common symptoms of a food allergy?
Symptoms include hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis in severe cases.
What bacteria is most commonly responsible for food poisoning from undercooked poultry?
Salmonella is commonly responsible for food poisoning from undercooked poultry.
How can E. coli contamination in food lead to illness?
E. coli bacteria can cause severe food poisoning, leading to stomach cramps, diarrhea (sometimes bloody), and in severe cases, kidney failure.
What is the role of food preservatives and additives in food-related ill health?
Some food preservatives and additives can cause allergic reactions, sensitivities, or long-term health issues if consumed in large amounts.
Which chemical is commonly used as a preservative in processed meats and can contribute to cancer risk?
Nitrates and nitrites are chemicals commonly used in processed meats, and prolonged exposure to them has been linked to an increased risk of cancer.
What is gluten intolerance or celiac disease?
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where ingesting gluten damages the small intestine, while gluten intolerance leads to digestive discomfort without immune system involvement.
How does Campylobacter bacteria affect health?
Campylobacter is a bacteria that can cause food poisoning, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, cramping, fever, and vomiting, often from undercooked poultry.
What is anaphylaxis, and how is it related to food allergies?
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur rapidly after consuming certain foods, requiring immediate medical treatment.
Which foodborne pathogen is commonly linked to raw eggs and can lead to food poisoning?
Salmonella is often associated with raw or undercooked eggs and can cause food poisoning symptoms like fever and diarrhea.
What is the potential health effect of consuming high levels of mercury from contaminated fish?
High levels of mercury, often found in large fish like tuna, can lead to neurological damage and developmental issues, especially in children and pregnant women.
What is the primary cause of foodborne illness from contaminated dairy products?
Listeria bacteria are often responsible for foodborne illness from contaminated dairy products and can cause serious infections, especially in pregnant women.
