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Programming > 1.4 Wired and Wireless Networks > Flashcards

1.4 Wired and Wireless Networks Flashcards

1
Q

What is a NETWORK?

A

Networks are multiple devices (computers) connected together to share resources

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2
Q

What is a local area network called?

A

LAN

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3
Q

What is a wide area network is called?

A

WAN

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4
Q

List 2 characteristics of LANs

A
  • Covers small geographic areas

- Connected with a switch

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5
Q

List 2 things about WANs

A
  • Cover a large geographic area

- Connects LANs together in a large geographical area

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6
Q

List 3 disadvantages of NETWORKS

A
  • Malware and viruses spread very easily between computers
  • Expertise is expensive requires lot of money
  • Increased secured risk of data
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7
Q

Give an example of Network

A

Internet

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8
Q

The speed of a network is measured in …

A

Bit per Second

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9
Q

What does… mean

  • Kbps
  • Mbps
  • Gbps
A

Kilobits per second

Megabit per second

Gigabits per second

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10
Q

Define “Bandwidth”

A

It describes how much data can be transferred over a connection in a given time.

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11
Q

List the 2 types of copper Ethernet cables

A

Cat-5 goes to 100Mbps (Slower)

Cat-6 goes to 1 Gbps (Faster)

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12
Q

Define how fiber optic cables work

A

Fiber optic cables are a lot faster and transfer data using light, Fiber is really expensive.

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13
Q

Define “Backbone”

A

A backbone is a part of computer network that interconnects various pieces of network.

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14
Q

Name the 2 radio bands of WiFi

A

2.4 and 5ghz

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15
Q

List 3 characteristics in Wired Network

A
  • It’s more costly than Wi-Fi to install in a building
  • Allows hundreds of people to log in at the same time
  • It is immune to radio interference
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16
Q

What is a server?

A

A server is a special computer on a network that is not used as a work station but is a computer dedicated to serving files and managing services.

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17
Q

What is the name of the network that uses a server?

A

A network that uses a server is called client-server model.

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18
Q

What is the name of a network that doesn’t use a server?

A

A network that doesn’t uses a server is called peer to peer model.

19
Q

List 3 characteristics of Client server

A
  • Server controls access and security to one shared file store.
  • A server runs a backup of data.
  • Most larger local area networks will use a client server type
20
Q

Advantages of Client server

A
  • Easier to manage security of files.
  • Easier to take backups of all shared data. (because is connected to the server)
  • Easier to install software updates to all computers.
21
Q

Disadvantages of Client server

A
  • Can be expensive to set up and maintain.
  • Requires IT specialists to maintain.
  • The server is a single point of failure. User would lose access if the server fails.
  • If it overloads, stops sharing files
22
Q

List 3 characteristics of Peer to Peer server

A
  • Peers serve their own files to each other.
  • Each peer is responsible for its own security.
  • Each peer is responsible for its own backup.
23
Q

Advantages of Peer to Peer server

A
  • Very easy to maintain. Specialist staff are not required.
  • No dependency on a single computer. (No single point of failure)
  • Cheaper to set up. No expensive hardware required.
24
Q

Disadvantages of Peer to Peer server

A
  • The network is less secure. (No single service area that authenticates users, each client will need to authenticate it themselves)
  • Users will need to manage their own backups.
  • Can be difficult to maintain a well ordered file store.(If peers are sharing files with each other)
25
Q

What is a Wireless access point (WAP)?

A
  • Allows for wireless devices to connect a network (either LAN or WAN) Includes connections through WI-FI and Bluetooth.
  • They provide Internet in public places (often known as Wi-Fi hotspots) For example in a school.
26
Q

Define “Router”

A
  • A computer that is programmed to move data.

- An interconnection devise used on networks to connect two or more devices.

27
Q

What do Routers contain?

A

Routers can contain a routing table which has a list of IP addresses and common routes for packets to take Routers examine packets IP addresses.

28
Q

How does the Router share packets?

A
  • The router will apply a subnet mask to identify a network and determine which network the packet should be forwarded to.
  • If the packet is for this network - the router determines which host to send the packet to.
  • Routers allow packets from different network types to be exchanged.
29
Q

Define “HUB”

A

Is a common connection points for devices in a network. It is similar to a switch

30
Q

Define “Switch”

A

Is an interconnection device that connects 2 or more devices together and helps in solving the issue of data collisions.

31
Q

List 2 things that Switches do

A
  • As a data packet arrives at the switch – its destination address is examined and the switch creates a direct connection to that device.
  • It can cause more pressure in the bandwidth.
32
Q

What is a “NIC”?

A

Network Interference Card

33
Q

List the uses for NICs

A
  • A network interference card allows a computer to connect to a wired network.
  • A NIC allows data packets to travel to and from a computer.
  • A NIC contains MAC address which is a physical hardware address.
  • A NIC allows an Ethernet cable to be plugged into this.
34
Q

What is a “MAC Address”?

A

Is an unique number that is in a hexadecimal format it is also static.

35
Q

List the characteristics of “Packets”

A
  • Data transmitted over a network is broken down into packets
  • Each packet contains the address of the sender and the receiver (IP addresses)
  • Packets will contain a sequence number
  • Packets will have time to live (how many hops around the network they can take before they disappear)
36
Q

What is DNS?

A

DNS (Domain Name Server) is a list of domain names and their associated IP addresses

37
Q

What is the role of DNS?

A

All packets are transmitted as IP addresses - therefore to access the server that hold the OCR website - we would need to know the IP address

38
Q

What does “http”do to a computer?

A

Tells the computer to use the hypertext transfer protocol, which puts the packets together to be use in a web browser

39
Q

What does “www” mean?

A

Is a webpage and that it is located on the world wide web

40
Q

What does “HOSTING” mean?

A

In order to let other people see your web site, it will be placed on a web server.

41
Q

What does Hosting do?

A
  • It would ensure that the domain name is unique and not already registered
  • Each registered domain name would have an associated IP address – this would then be registered on a DNS
42
Q

What is “The Cloud”?

A

The cloud or cloud computing refers to computing that is done outside of your local network

43
Q

The Cloud is a network of servers, what are their jobs?

A
  • Some servers will run applications

- Some servers will store data

44
Q

List 3 benefits of the Cloud

A
  • Increase storage e.g. from mobile phones
  • Access files from anywhere in the world
  • Collaborate with others from around the world

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