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GCSE OCR computer science > 1.4 Wired and Wireless Networks > Flashcards

1.4 Wired and Wireless Networks Flashcards

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1
Q

What are standalone computers?

A

Computers that are not connected to a network.

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2
Q

What are the advantages of networking standalone computers together?

A

1) Users can share files and peripherals.
2) Users can access their files from any computer on the network.
3) Server can control security, software updates and backup of data.
4) Communication with others e.g. email and social network.

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3
Q

What are computers in a LAN connected with?

A

Switch.

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4
Q

What is a LAN?

A

Local Area Network
A small geographical area located on a single site.

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5
Q

How does a LAN cover the area?

A

A Local Area Network is wired through a UTP cable, fibre optic or wireless, using WIFI/ radio waves.

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6
Q

What is a WAN?

A

Wide Area Network
A large geographical area (connecting LAN’s together).

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7
Q

How does a WAN connect LAN’s together?

A

Infrastructure between LAN is mostly hired from telecommunication companies who own and manage it.

They are connected with telephone lines, fibre optic cables or satellite links.

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8
Q

What are computers in a WAN connected with?

A

Router.

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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of networking?

A

1) Increased security risk to data.
2) Malware and viruses spread easier between computers.
3) If a server fails, computers connected to it may not work.
4) Computer might run slowly if there’s lots of data travelling on it.

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10
Q

What is Bandwidth?

A

How much data can be transferred over a connection in a given time.

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11
Q

How is bandwidth shared between users?

A

Through internal networks and WAN.

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12
Q

Name three types of copper Ethernet cable?

A

Cat-4
(slowest: 16 Mbps)

Cat-5
(slower: 100 Mbps)

Cat-6
(faster: 1Gbps)

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13
Q

Why are fiber optic cables good and bad?

A

Good: Faster
Bad: Very Expensive

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14
Q

How do fiber optic cables transfer data?

A

They reflect beams of light through one end of the cable to the other.

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15
Q

What can effect wi-fi performance?
(HINT: there are 4)

A

Latency: Max. speed a connection can go.

Throughput: Amount of traffic a network can carry at a time.

Packet Loss: Glitches, errors, or network overloading might result in the loss of data packets.

Retransmission: When packet loss does occur, those lost packets are retransmitted.

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16
Q

What are the two radio bands for wi-fi?

A

2.4 GHz connection travels farther at lower speeds
5 GHz frequencies provide faster speeds at shorter range

17
Q

Which is cheaper, a wireless or a wired network?

A

Wireless is cheaper as there is less physical hardware required to create the network.

18
Q

What is a Network Hub?

A

A Hub is a device that links multiple computers and devices together

19
Q

What is a Router?

A

Routers connect multiple networks and determine the best path for data transmission based on IP addresses.

20
Q

What is a Switch?

A

Switches connect devices within a network and enable efficient data transfer using MAC addresses.

21
Q

What happens when a data packet arrives at a switch?

A

After the data packet is received, the switch then determines which port the destination device is connected to and forwards the packet to that port. If the destination device is not on the same LAN, the switch forwards the packet to the appropriate router to send it to the intended destination.

22
Q

How do routers allow packets from different network types to be exchanged?

A

The router reads a packet’s header to determine where it is going, then consults the routing table to figure out the most efficient path to that destination. It then forwards the packet to the next network in the path.

23
Q

What does the network interface card allow?

A

An NIC provides a computer with a dedicated, full-time connection to a network.

24
Q

What does a network interface card contain?

A

NIC cards contain electrical circuitry in line with data link and physical layer standards, including a port to connect to the local area network’s (LAN) medium.

25
Q

What is the difference between a peer to peer network and a client server network?

A

The peer to peer network connects computers so that every computer shares all or some part of the resources. The client server networks operate with one or more than one central computers or servers that manage the resources and hold the data.

26
Q

What are the properties of a client-server network?

A

Centralization: Resources are centralized on one or more servers, facilitating easier management and control of data.

Scalability: These networks are scalable - more clients can be easily added without the need to alter the existing infrastructure significantly.

27
Q

What is easier when using a client server network?

A

1) Managing security of files.
2) Taking backups of all shared data.
3) Installing software updates to all computers.

28
Q

What are the disadvantages of using a client server?

A

1) Expensive to set up and maintain
2) Requires IT specialists to maintain
3) If the servers fail, users will lose access

29
Q

What is a peer to peer network?

A

Multiple computers that can share and connect to each other but there is no central server managing it.

30
Q

What is a peer and what do they serve?

A

A computer on the network and is equal to all other peers who serve their own files to each other and are responsible for their own security and backup.

31
Q

What are the advantages of a peer to peer network?

A

1) Easy to maintain – specialist staff aren’t required.
2) Doesn’t depend on a single computer.
3) Cheaper to set up – no expensive hardware required.

32
Q

What are the disadvantages of a peer to peer model?

A

1) Network is less secure.
2) Users manage their own security and backup.
3) Difficult to maintain a well ordered file store.

GCSE OCR computer science (7 decks)

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