1.4 Vocabulary

Question 1

Budding

Answer 1

The process in which viruses leave the host cells by budding off its surface by wrapping their capsids in the host cell membrane.

Question 2

Capsid

Answer 2

Protein shell of a virus surrounding and protecting its genome.

Question 3

Complex

Answer 3

Protein shell of a virus surrounding and protecting its genome.

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

The internal content of a cell, excluding the nucleus when present.

Question 5

Endocytosis

Answer 5

The process which cells use to absorb molecules from the outside by engulfing and bringing them inside the cytoplasm.

Question 6

Endosome

Answer 6

A membrane bound vesicle in eukaryotic cells used to transport molecules within the cytoplasm. These molecules can be engulfed from outside or produced inside the cell.

Question 7

Envelope

Answer 7

Membrane layer surrounding the capsid that is derived from the host cell membrane.

Question 8

Eukaryotes

Answer 8

Organisms that contain a membrane bound nucleus and organelles.

Question 9

Extracellular

Answer 9

Outside of the cell.

Question 10

Genome

Answer 10

The genetic material of an organism.

Question 11

H1N1

Answer 11

A strain (type) of the flu virus

Question 12

Helical

Answer 12

Having the shape of a spiral or a helix.

Question 13

Hemagglutinin

Answer 13

A protein on the surface of flu viruses which is used as a receptor to bind to host cells.

Question 14

Icosahedral Shape

Answer 14

Having the shape of an icosahedron that has 20 identical triangular faces.

Question 15

Lysis

Answer 15

The process of rupturing or breaking down of a cell.

Question 16

Micron (Micrometer, μm)

Answer 16

One millionth of a meter.

Question 17

Prokaryotes

Answer 17

Organisms that lack a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelle.

Question 18

Receptor

Answer 18

A molecule in or on a cell that receives chemical signals.

Question 19

Sialic Acid

Answer 19

A modified sugar molecule present on the surface of many cells and used as a receptor by the flu virus.

Question 20

Tropism

Answer 20

The property of a specific virus to attach to only a specific type of cells.

Question 21

Uncoating

Answer 21

The process of release of the viral genome.

Question 22

Virion

Answer 22

One viral particle that contains all the components of of a mature virus.

Question 23

Viruses

Answer 23

Small, non-cellular ( lacking a cell), infectious agents that can replicate only within the cells of living organisms.