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head & neck anatomy > 1.4 The Neck > Flashcards

1.4 The Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 compartments of the neck?

In a horizontal section

A
  1. The Vertebral Compartment
  2. The 2 Vascular Compartments
  3. The Visceral Compartment
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2
Q

What encloses all of the compartments of the neck?

In a horizontal plane

A

The Musculofascial Collar

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3
Q

What does the Vertebral Compartment contain?

A 
Cervical Vertebrae
Postural Muscles (Prevertebral and Postvertebral Muscles)
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4
Q

What do the Vascular Compartments contain?

A

Major Blood Vessels

The Vagus Nerve

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5
Q

What do the Visceral Compartments contain?

A 
The Thyroid Gland
The Parathyroid Glands
The Pharynx
The Larynx
The Trachea
The Oesophagus
Parts of the Thymus
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6
Q

What are the main parts of a Cervical Vertebrae?

A 
Vertebral Body
Transverse Process
Pedicle
Superior Articular Facet
Lamina
Spinous Process
Vertebral Foramen
Transverse Foramen
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7
Q

How many Cervical Vertebrae are there?

A

7

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8
Q

What kind of joint is present between the Occipital Condyles and C1 (the Atlas)?

A

A Synovial Joint consisting of 2 Condyloid Joints

The Atlanto-Occipital Joint

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9
Q

What kind of joint is present between C1 and C2 at the Odontoid Peg?

A

A Synovial Pivot Joint

The Atlanto-Axial Joint

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10
Q

What structures pass through the Transverse Foramen (Foramen Transversum)?

A

Blood Vessels and Nerves

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11
Q

What is the Vertebrae Prominens?

A

The Spinous Process of C7

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12
Q

What is the special feature of the Spines of Cervical Vertebrae?

A

The are Bifid - They contain 2 different Spinous Processes

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13
Q

What curvature exists in the Cervical portion of the Vertebral Column?

A

Lordotic Curve (Inward Curve)

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14
Q

What 2 triangles can the neck be divided into? And what are they?

A

The Anterior Triangle
The Posterior Triangle
They are descriptive areas to help describe the position of various structures.

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15
Q

What forms the boundaries of the Anterior Triangle?

A

Anteriorly - The Midline
Superiorly - The Mandible Bone
Posteriorly - The Anterior Border of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

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16
Q

What forms the boundaries of the Posterior Triangle?

A

Posteriorly - The Trapezius Muscle
Inferiorly - The Clavicle
Anteriorly - The Posterior Border of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

17
Q

What is contained within the Anterior Triangle?

A
  1. Arteries:
    a) The Common Carotid Artery
    b) The External Carotid Artery
    c) The Internal Carotid Artery
    d) The Facial Artery
  2. Veins :
    a) The Internal Jugular Vein
    b) The Facial Vein
  3. Nerves:
    a) Cranial Nerves 4, 5, 6, and 7
    b) The Laryngeal Nerve
  4. Lymph Nodes:
    a) The Submandibular Lymph Nodes
    b) The Submental Lymph Nodes
18
Q

What is contained within the Posterior Triangle?

A
  1. Arteries: The Occipital Artery
  2. Veins: The External Jugular Vein
  3. Nerves:
    a) The Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)
    b) The Cervical Nerve Plexus
    4: Lymph Nodes
19
Q

What are the attachments of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle?

A

Manubrium (of the Sternum) and the Clavicle

The Mastoid Process

20
Q

Which way will the head tilt if the ipsilateral Sternocleidomastoid muscle contracts? And which way would that cause the Face to turn?

A

To the ipsilateral side
(If the right Sternocleidomastoid contracts, the head tilts to the right)
Resulting in the Face turning to the Left

21
Q

What are the actions of the Trapezius?

A

Rotates and Retracts the Scapula

Supports the Movements of the Arm

22
Q

Which Nerve innervates the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle, and the Trapezius Muscle?

A

The Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)

23
Q

The Ventral Rami of the Lower Cervical Spinal Nerves emerge from between the Scalene Muscles which form the floor of the Posterior Triangle. What do these Rami collectively form?

A

The Brachial Plexus

24
Q

Name the 4 Triangles the Anterior Triangle can be split up into.

A
  1. The Submental Triangle
  2. The Digastric (Submandibular) Triangle
  3. The Carotid Triangle
  4. The Muscular Triangle
25
Q

What are the boundaries of the Submental Triangle?

A

Medially - The Midline
Inferiorly - The Hyoid Bone
Laterally - The Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle

26
Q

What are the boundaries of the Digastric (Submandibular) Triangle?

A

Superiorly - The Body of the Mandible
Anteriorly - The Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle
Posteriorly - The Posterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle

27
Q

What are the boundaries of the Carotid Triangle?

A

Superiorly - The Posterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle
Inferiorly - The Superior Belly of the Omohyoid
Laterally - The Anterior border of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

28
Q

What are the boundaries of the Muscular Triangle?

A

Superiorly - The Hyoid Bone
Medially - The Midline
Superolaterally - The Superior Belly of the Omohyoid Muscle
Superomedially - The Anterior Border of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

head & neck anatomy (22 decks)

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